Information access.

Objectives
The prevalence of infertility among reproductive-age couples in Indonesia is around 10-15%. Lack of understanding, misleading myths, and negative attitudes could result in improper behavior. This study aims to reveal the discrepancy between perception and behavior towards infertility in urban and rural areas in Indonesia.
Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study using an internet-based questionnaire was given to 408 individuals, divided into two groups, Java and outside Java, representing urban and rural populations. The study included Indonesian citizens over 18 who were willing to participate, encompassing individuals of both genders, regardless of their fertility status. All participants completed the questionnaire from October 2020 to April 2021.
Results
Half of the respondents from both groups consider infertility a disease. All respondents have excellent access to information. Although more than 80% of subjects from each group had been exposed to infertility information, a better understanding was observed in the urban community. Most subjects answered that smoking is the leading risk factor for infertility, followed by stress and advanced age. More respondents in rural areas have the wrong perception that stress causes infertility. Furthermore, they seek unwarranted advice, as 19.5% came to midwives and only 9.1% came to general practitioners. This study showed that 35.6% of subjects in the urban group and 41.6% in the rural group are considered late to seek healthcare assistance. Most respondents from both groups accept using Assisted Reproductive Technology and fertility-enhancing drugs as treatment options.
Conclusion
Infertility misconceptions are more prevalent in rural groups than in urban groups. Fertility education among both groups needs to be improved to optimize the chance of conceiving and having a healthy baby.

研究目的
印尼育龄夫妇不孕症患病率约为10%~15%。民众对不孕症的认知不足、误导性误区及负面态度，可能引发不当行为。本研究旨在揭示印尼城乡地区人群对不孕症的认知与行为差异。

材料与方法
本研究为横断面研究，采用基于互联网的问卷对408名受试者开展调查，将其分为爪哇岛与非爪哇岛两组，分别代表城市与农村人群。研究纳入年满18周岁、自愿参与的印尼公民，涵盖不同性别且不受生育状况限制。所有受试者于2020年10月至2021年4月期间完成问卷。

研究结果
两组各有半数受访者将不孕症视为一种疾病。所有受试者均具备良好的信息获取渠道。尽管两组超80%的受试者曾接触过不孕症相关信息，但城市人群的认知水平更优。多数受试者认为吸烟是不孕症的首要危险因素，其次为精神压力与高龄。农村地区受访者中，认为精神压力可导致不孕症的错误认知比例更高。此外，该人群存在不当求医行为：19.5%的受试者求助于助产士，仅9.1%求助于全科医师。本研究显示，城市组35.6%、农村组41.6%的受试者存在就医延迟情况。两组多数受访者均认可辅助生殖技术（Assisted Reproductive Technology）与助孕药物作为治疗方案。

结论
不孕症认知误区在农村人群中较城市人群更为普遍。需加强两类人群的生育教育，以优化受孕几率并孕育健康婴儿。