A W-band Choke-Ring Encircled Focal Plane Array of Full-Metal Elements for Deep Reflector Antennas with over 50%-Efficiency High Cross-Over Beams

The presented DataSet is dedicated to a W-band (92-96 GHz) focal plane array (FPA) for 50 dBi-reflector antennas intended for the next-generation point-to-point communication links with antenna mast sway compensation. The FPA comprises seven metal waveguide elements arranged in a hexagonal lattice, ensuring the cross-over level of the corresponding reflector beams above -6 dB. The primary challenge of this design is to realize efficient illumination of the reflector for the on-axis and off-axis beams, while keeping a minimum beamforming complexity (i.e., one element per beam) and overcoming array implementation challenges associated with high frequencies. This is accomplished by (i) a high decoupling level of the FPA elements (<-24 dB) and shaping their individual element patterns via a dedicated aperture pin structure between them; and (ii) encircling the FPA aperture with a periodically perforated choke ring pair to further improve the illumination by off-set elements. The FPA performance, evaluated on an offset parabolic reflector with F/D=0.35, exhibits 52-68% efficiency, close beam overlap, and good impedance matching. Measurements of the FPA prototype support predicted results for all characteristics; the latter are competitive with state-of-the-art solutions.

本数据集面向一款工作于W波段（W-band，92-96 GHz）的焦平面阵列（Focal Plane Array, FPA），该阵列适配50 dBi反射器天线，用于支持具备天线桅杆摇摆补偿功能的下一代点对点通信链路。该焦平面阵列包含七个金属波导单元，以六边形晶格排布，可使对应反射器波束的交越电平高于-6 dB。本设计的核心挑战在于，在维持最低波束成形复杂度（即每个波束对应单个单元）、克服高频场景下的阵列实现难题的同时，实现反射器对轴向与离轴波束的高效照明。该目标通过两项方案达成：其一，使焦平面阵列单元间实现高隔离度（低于-24 dB），并通过单元间专用孔径销结构（aperture pin structure）塑造各单元的辐射方向图；其二，在焦平面阵列孔径外围环绕一对周期性穿孔扼流圈环（choke ring pair），以进一步优化离轴单元的照明效果。在F/D=0.35的偏置抛物面反射器上开展的性能评估结果表明，该阵列的辐射效率可达52%~68%，波束重叠特性优异，且阻抗匹配性能良好。焦平面阵列原型的实测结果与各项特性的预测值相符，其性能可与当前业界顶尖方案媲美。