Genomics and Transcriptomics of 3ANX (NX-2) and NX (NX-3) producing isolates of Fusarium graminearum

In this study, we used an -omics approach coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry to characterize twenty F. graminearum isolates collected from five distinct regions across Manitoba, containing both 3-acetyl deoxynivalenol (3ADON) and 15-acetyl deoxynivalenol (15ADON) chemotypes. These data identified regional F. graminearum populations within Manitoba that demonstrate distinct genomic variation and patterns of gene expression, particularly within pathogenicity associated processes. Further, we identified genetic variation and differential expression between isolates showing high and low levels of pathogenicity, allowing for the identification of previously characterized and novel putative pathogenicity factors, as well as regions of genetic diversity between these groups. Lastly, we detected production of 3ANX and/or NX mycotoxins within the majority of our twenty characterized F. graminearum isolates, suggesting the 3ANX chemotype may be more prevalent than previously expected in Canada. These findings highlight the diversity of F. graminearum across Manitoba, and more importantly uncover specific genomic regions and candidate pathogenicity factors influenced by this diversity. These data can ultimately help researchers develop improved disease management strategies against FHB and the dynamic populations of F. graminearum. Overall design: Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of twenty distinct Fusarium graminearum isolates across Manitoba

本研究采用组学（-omics）策略结合高分辨质谱（high resolution mass spectrometry）技术，对从加拿大曼尼托巴省五个不同区域采集的20株禾谷镰孢（Fusarium graminearum，简称F. graminearum）菌株进行了表征，这些菌株同时包含3-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（3-acetyl deoxynivalenol，简称3ADON）和15-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（15-acetyl deoxynivalenol，简称15ADON）两种化学型。本数据集揭示了曼尼托巴省内的区域禾谷镰孢种群存在显著的基因组变异与基因表达模式差异，尤其在致病性相关生物学过程中表现突出。此外，本研究通过对比高、低致病性菌株间的遗传变异与基因表达差异，成功鉴定出已有报道及全新的潜在致病性因子，同时明确了两类菌株间的遗传多样性区域。最后，本研究在大部分受试的20株禾谷镰孢菌株中检测到了3ANX及/或NX类真菌毒素的产生，提示3ANX化学型在加拿大的分布可能比此前预期更为广泛。上述研究结果阐明了曼尼托巴省内禾谷镰孢的种群多样性，更重要的是揭示了受该多样性影响的特定基因组区域与候选致病性因子。本数据集最终可助力科研人员开发更高效的赤霉病（Fusarium Head Blight，简称FHB）防控策略，以应对禾谷镰孢的动态种群变化。实验设计概要：对曼尼托巴省内20株不同禾谷镰孢菌株开展基因组与转录组分析