Neural Pathways Modulation in the Anesthetized Rat Elicited by Trials of Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Stimulation

In these recordings, we recorded neuronal activities from cortical-thalamocortical (CTC) pathway, including the somatosensory cortex (S1) and posteromedial complex (POm) of the thalamus responded to different PRFs (pulse repetition frequencies) or Pulse Durations (PDs) of transcranial ultrasound focused stimulation (tFUS) using a 128-element transducer to stimulate either at S1. Also, we tested the neural responses of the auditory cortex (AC) with tFUS targeting at S1. Recordings for each target are taken using 32-channel Neuronexus electrodes. Ultrasound stimulation is delivered every 2.5 seconds and each recording has 500 trials. The ultrasound duration and pressure level used in each recording is 67ms and ~90kPa. The PRFs and PDs for each recording can be found in the identifier field. For example, in BH494_1500_200_67_5, the PRF is 1500Hz and PD is 200us.Each recording contains two areas (64-channel). The spike time tiling coefficient (STTC) of neurons cross-area and within-area is included in the folders named with STTC. The detailed description on the data can be found in the following publication: Gao, H., Ramachandran, S., Yu, K., & He, B. (2025). Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Modulates Feedforward and Feedback Cortico-Thalamo-Cortical Pathways by Selectively Activating Excitatory Neurons. The Journal of Neuroscience, 45(23), e2218242025. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2218-24.2025. If you would use part of the dataset, please cite the above publication.

本数据集记录了皮层-丘脑皮层（cortical-thalamocortical, CTC）通路的神经元活动：采用128通道换能器对初级躯体感觉皮层（somatosensory cortex, S1）实施聚焦式经颅超声刺激（transcranial ultrasound focused stimulation, tFUS），记录丘脑后内侧复合体（posteromedial complex, POm）与S1对不同脉冲重复频率（pulse repetition frequency, PRF）或脉冲时长（pulse duration, PD）的超声刺激的神经响应。此外，本数据集还测试了以S1为刺激靶点时，听觉皮层（auditory cortex, AC）的神经响应。所有靶点的神经信号均通过32通道Neuronexus电极采集。超声刺激的触发间隔为2.5秒，单次记录包含500个试验回合。单次记录中采用的超声时长为67毫秒，声压级约为90千帕斯卡（kPa）。单次记录的PRF与PD参数可从标识符字段中获取。例如标识符BH494_1500_200_67_5对应的PRF为1500Hz，PD为200微秒（us）。单次记录覆盖两个脑区，采用64通道采集方案。脑区内部及跨脑区神经元的锋电位时间重叠系数（spike time tiling coefficient, STTC）已存储于以STTC命名的文件夹中。本数据集的详细说明可参阅以下文献：Gao, H., Ramachandran, S., Yu, K., & He, B. (2025). 经颅聚焦超声通过选择性激活兴奋性神经元调控前馈与反馈皮层-丘脑-皮层通路. 《神经科学杂志》（*The Journal of Neuroscience*）, 45(23), e2218242025. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2218-24.2025。若使用本数据集的部分内容，请引用上述文献。