Values of parameters in the numerical simulation.

In recent years, virtual reality training technology (VRTT) has been considered by many scholars as a new training method instead of traditional training (TT) to reduce unsafe behaviors ascribed to construction workers (CWs) and corporate accident rates. However, in this process, a conflict of interest arises among the government, construction enterprises (CEs), and CWs. Therefore, this study introduces a quantitative research method, the three-party evolutionary game and creatively combining them with the product life cycle (PLC) to solve this problem by analyzing the equilibrium and evolutionarily stable strategies of the system. Finally, collaborative players’ decision-making behaviors and their sensitivity to critical factors are examined. This paper will illustrate these in each stage through numerical simulations. The results of the study indicate that the government plays a dominant role in the VRTT introduction stage. When the government gives CEs appropriate subsidies, CEs will eventually realize the importance of VRTT for CWs. Then the government will gradually reduce the amount of the subsidies in this process. In addition, we also find that the continually high cost will lead to negative policies by the government, which requires the active cooperation and attitude change from CEs and CWs. Ultimately, the government, CEs and CWs adopt the best strategy in the evolutionary process to facilitate the promotion, application and sustainability of VRTT in the construction industry.

近年来，虚拟现实培训技术（Virtual Reality Training Technology, VRTT）被众多学者视为替代传统培训（Traditional Training, TT）的新型培训手段，旨在降低建筑工人（Construction Workers, CWs）的不安全行为与企业事故发生率。然而在此过程中，政府、建筑企业（Construction Enterprises, CEs）与建筑工人之间产生了利益冲突。为此，本研究引入定量研究方法——三方演化博弈，并将其与产品生命周期（Product Life Cycle, PLC）创造性结合，通过分析系统的均衡策略与演化稳定策略来解决该问题。最终，本研究对协作主体的决策行为及其对关键因素的敏感性展开分析，并通过数值模拟在各阶段对上述内容进行阐释。研究结果表明，政府在虚拟现实培训技术的引入阶段占据主导地位。当政府为建筑企业提供适度补贴时，建筑企业终将意识到虚拟现实培训技术对建筑工人的重要价值，随后政府会在此过程中逐步降低补贴额度。此外，本研究还发现，持续高企的成本会促使政府出台限制性政策，这需要建筑企业与建筑工人积极配合并转变态度。最终，政府、建筑企业与建筑工人在演化过程中采纳最优策略，以推动虚拟现实培训技术在建筑业的推广、应用与可持续发展。