Rosa section Synstylae COS phylogenomics

East Asian wild roses in Rosa section Synstylae (Rosaceae), which are ones of major genetic contributors of modern ornamental roses, are recognized to be recently diverged and closely related. Phylogenomic analyses using a genome-wide conserved ortholog set (COS) can resolve the robust species phylogeny in a lineage where species undergone complex evolutionary histories. Based on 1,683 highly conserved single-copy orthologs of the reference genome of R. chinensis, the robust phylogenetic relationships among eight species of Rosa section Synstylae occurring in Far-East Asia was resolved. Analyses revealed a complex evolutionary history of Rosa sect. Synstylae lineage likely shaped by combination of deep coalescence and genetic introgressions. These phylogenomic approaches may provide the opportunities to take a closer look on the comprehensive systematics of East Asian wild roses.

蔷薇科（Rosaceae）蔷薇属合柱组（Rosa section Synstylae）的东亚野生蔷薇是现代观赏月季的主要遗传贡献类群之一，被认为是近期分化且亲缘关系密切的类群。利用全基因组保守同源基因集（genome-wide conserved ortholog set, COS）开展的系统发育基因组学分析，能够在经历复杂演化历史的支系中解析出稳健的物种系统发育关系。基于月季（R. chinensis）参考基因组的1683个高度保守单拷贝同源基因，本研究解析了分布于远东地区的8种蔷薇属合柱组物种间的稳健系统发育关系。分析结果显示，蔷薇属合柱组支系的演化历史较为复杂，其形成可能由深度溯祖与遗传渐渗共同塑造。此类系统发育基因组学方法，可为深入探究东亚野生蔷薇的完整分类系统提供新的契机。