Criterion-related validity.

Objective
To develop a scale to assess the excessive behavior of superfans in celebrity worship and to test its reliability and validity in China.
Methods
The scale was developed based on the netnography and interviews of celebrity fans and the existing problematic Internet usage scales. Sample 1 (n = 465) was used for exploratory factor analysis, and Sample 2 (n = 804) was used for confirmatory factor analysis, reliability test, criterion validity, and discriminative validity test.
Results
There were 36 items in the final scale, including nine factors: impaired social functioning, replacement of real to virtual social relationships, sleep and eating problems, withdrawal, mood alteration, salience, excessive buying, increased craving, and escape from real life. The factor loadings ranged from 0.565 to 0.803. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale was well structured. The reliability of the scale and each factor were satisfactory. The scale showed good discriminant validity in reflecting celebrity worship behavior. In terms of scores, mood alteration was the highest, excessive buying was the lowest, and there were certain gender and age differences.
Conclusion
This study initially identified the main characteristics of excessive celebrity worship behavior among young fans on social media. The developed Chinese scale has good reliability and validity and can be used as a measurement tool.

研究目的
编制用于评估名人崇拜情境下超级粉丝过度行为的量表，并在中国人群中检验该量表的信度与效度。

研究方法
本量表基于对明星粉丝的网络民族志访谈及现有问题性互联网使用量表编制。样本1（n=465）用于探索性因素分析，样本2（n=804）用于验证性因素分析、信度检验、效标效度检验与区分效度检验。

研究结果
最终量表共包含36个条目，涵盖9个维度：社会功能受损、现实社交关系向虚拟社交关系转移、睡眠与饮食问题、戒断反应、情绪改变、凸显性、过度消费、渴求感增强以及逃避现实生活。各条目因素负荷量介于0.565至0.803之间。验证性因素分析结果显示该量表结构良好。量表整体及各维度的信度均表现优异，在反映名人崇拜行为方面具备良好的区分效度。得分维度方面，情绪改变维度得分最高，过度消费维度得分最低，且量表得分存在一定的性别与年龄差异。

研究结论
本研究初步明确了社交媒体环境下青年粉丝过度名人崇拜行为的主要特征。本次编制的中文版量表具备良好的信度与效度，可作为相关测量工具投入使用。