Table 1_Association between smoking status and the prognosis of brain metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.xlsx

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the relationship between smoking status and the interval to brain metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its impact on survival time after brain metastasis. MethodsData were collected from patients with NSCLC with brain metastases who were treated at our centre between January 2005 and December 2017. Clinical indices such as clinicopathological features and smoking status were recorded, and patients were followed up until 1 September 2022. Based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 461 patients were analysed and matched using 1:1 propensity score matching. Three balanced groups were formed: non-smoking (n = 113), smoking cessation (n = 113), and smoking (n = 113). The interval to brain metastasis and overall survival were compared between the groups. ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference in the interval to brain metastasis between the non-smoking and smoking cessation groups (p = 0.001), as well as between the non-smoking and smoking groups (p < 0.001). However, the difference between the smoking cessation and smoking groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.106). Multivariate and univariate analyses identified smoking status, clinical stage, lung cancer surgery, chemotherapy, and chest radiotherapy as independent predictors of the interval to brain metastasis. Additionally, the multivariate analysis showed that smoking status, driver gene mutations, and chest radiotherapy independently influenced survival after brain metastasis. ConclusionSmoking status in patients with NSCLC affects the interval to brain metastasis and survival after brain metastasis.研究目的 本研究旨在探讨非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC）患者的吸烟状态与脑转移间隔时长的关联，及其对脑转移后生存时间的影响。 研究方法 本研究数据采集自2005年1月至2017年12月于本中心接受治疗的伴脑转移非小细胞肺癌患者。研究人员记录了患者的临床病理特征、吸烟状态等临床指标，并对所有患者进行随访至2022年9月1日。根据纳入与排除标准，最终纳入461例患者，并采用1:1倾向得分匹配法进行配对，最终形成三组均衡队列：非吸烟组（n=113）、戒烟组（n=113）及吸烟组（n=113）。随后对比三组患者的脑转移间隔时长与总生存期。 研究结果 非吸烟组与戒烟组（p=0.001）、非吸烟组与吸烟组（p<0.001）的脑转移间隔时长均存在统计学显著差异；而戒烟组与吸烟组的差异无统计学意义（p=0.106）。单因素与多因素分析结果显示，吸烟状态、临床分期、肺癌手术、化疗及胸部放疗均为脑转移间隔时长的独立预测因素。此外，多因素分析表明，吸烟状态、驱动基因突变及胸部放疗可独立影响脑转移后的生存情况。 研究结论 非小细胞肺癌患者的吸烟状态可影响其脑转移间隔时长及脑转移后的生存预后。