Walrus Haulout and In-water Activity Levels Relative to Sea Ice Availability in the Chukchi Sea: 2008-2014

An animal’s energetic costs are dependent on the amount of time it allocates to various behavioral activities. For Arctic pinnipeds, the time allocated to active and resting behaviors could change with future reductions in sea ice cover and longer periods of open water. The Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) is a large Arctic pinniped that rests on sea ice or land between foraging trips to feed on the seafloor. This dataset contains behavioral data collected from 216 radio-tagged adult female walruses instrumented in the Chukchi Sea (2008–2014) that formed the basis of a Bayesian generalized linear mixed effects model that investigated probability that a walrus was in water foraging, in water not foraging, or hauled out, as a function of environmental covariates. The data are structured such that each line represents an hour of behavior collected during every third hour of the UTC day (hours 0 through 21), which was associated with temperature and wind metrics derived from the North American Regional Reanalysis dataset, as well as an index of the daily availability of sea ice based on the daily National Ice Center's Marginal Ice Zone product and an index of the availability of land. Each record presents the walrus behavior recorded during the record's hour, the previous hour, and the subsequent hour.

动物的能量消耗取决于其分配至各类行为活动的时长。对于北极鳍足类（Arctic pinnipeds）而言，其用于活动与休憩的时间或随未来海冰覆盖缩减、无冰期延长而发生变化。太平洋海象（Odobenus rosmarus divergens）是一种大型北极鳍足类动物，会在前往海底觅食的两次巡游间隙休憩于海冰或陆地上。本数据集包含2008年至2014年间在楚科奇海（Chukchi Sea）对216只佩戴无线电追踪标记的成年雌性海象采集的行为数据，该数据是贝叶斯广义线性混合效应模型（Bayesian generalized linear mixed effects model）的构建基础——该模型旨在探究海象处于水下觅食、水下非觅食状态，或是在陆/冰上休憩的概率，及其与环境协变量的函数关系。数据的结构设计为：每一行对应协调世界时（UTC）每日每间隔三小时（0时至21时）所采集的一小时行为数据；这些数据关联了源自北美区域再分析数据集（North American Regional Reanalysis dataset）的气温与风速指标，同时还关联了基于美国国家冰中心（National Ice Center）每日边缘冰区产品计算的海冰每日可获取性指数，以及陆地可获取性指数。每条记录均会给出该记录对应时刻、前一小时及后一小时内记录到的海象行为状态。