Impact of acidification and fertilisation on ecosystems

the critical load is the threshold above which ecosystems are damaged in the long term by acidifying deposition or nitrogen deposition an exceedance occurs if the deposition is higher than the critical load since 2000 there is a decreasing trend for acidification and to a lesser extent for fertilisation the target by 2030 has already been met for acidification but still far away for fertilisation in all Flemish forests and heathlands there is fertilisation by too high nitrogen deposition临界负荷（critical load）是指当酸沉降（acidifying deposition）或氮沉降（nitrogen deposition）超出该阈值时，生态系统将遭受长期损害的临界值。当沉降量高于临界负荷时，即发生沉降超标现象。自2000年以来，酸化相关的改善趋势显著，而氮沉降的施肥效应的改善幅度相对较小。针对酸化问题的2030年治理目标已提前达成，但氮沉降施肥效应对应的治理目标仍相距甚远。在比利时佛兰德斯（Flemish）地区的所有森林与石楠荒原中，均存在因氮沉降过高引发的养分富集问题。