Distinct respiratory microbiota associates with lung cancer clinicopathological characteristics

Commensal microbiota dysbiosis is associated with the development of lung cancer. Current studies yield mixed results regarding the respiratory microbiota composition of lung cancer patients. This study analyzed microbiota in surgically removed tumor tissue from 75 non-small cell lung cancer patients and lesion tissue from 7 patients with benign pulmonary diseases. Bacterial relative abundance and diversity of lung microbiota showed significant differences among lung cancer of different pathology and benign pulmonary diseases. In contrast, diversity differences were not observed among lung cancer in different stages. Distinct bacterial taxon composition was found among lung cancer of different pathology and benign pulmonary diseases. The study also generated a discriminant model based on bacterial genera to effectively distinguish lung squamous cell carcinoma from lung adenocarcinoma. Our results confirmed that significant differential respiratory microbiome taxonomy, abundance, diversity, and correlation network are associated with lung cancer of different pathology and some stages. A new 30 bacterial taxa signature prediction model is developed for the effective classification of NSCLC of different pathology.

共生菌群失调与肺癌的发生发展密切相关。现有针对肺癌患者呼吸道菌群组成的相关研究结果并不一致。本研究对75例非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC）患者手术切除的肿瘤组织，以及7例良性肺部疾病患者的病变组织中的菌群进行了分析。结果显示，肺部菌群的细菌相对丰度与多样性在不同病理类型肺癌患者与良性肺部疾病患者间存在显著差异；相较而言，不同临床分期的肺癌患者其肺部菌群多样性并未呈现显著差异。不同病理类型肺癌患者与良性肺部疾病患者的细菌类群组成同样存在显著差异。本研究还基于细菌属水平构建了判别模型，可有效区分肺鳞状细胞癌与肺腺癌。本研究结果证实，不同病理类型及部分临床分期的肺癌患者，其呼吸道微生物组在类群组成、丰度、多样性及关联网络层面均存在显著差异。本研究开发了一种包含30个细菌类群的特征预测模型，可实现不同病理类型非小细胞肺癌的有效分类。