Table 1_Prenatal vitamin utilization and its determinants among pregnant women in south Gondar zone: multicenter cross-sectional study.docx

BackgroundPrenatal vitamin and mineral supplements are commonly advised as clinical practice standard of care. In spite of Ethiopian government focus on maternal nutrition programmes targeting pregnant and lactating women, Micronutrient deficiencies are still quite common and are regarded as a serious public health issue and also little is known regarding utilization and barriers to prenatal vitamin use during pregnancy. This study aimed to assess utilization and associated factors of prenatal vitamins among pregnant women attending antenatal care at public hospitals in the south Gondar zone, 2024
MethodsMulti center crossectional study design was conducted among 416 pregnant women from March 1 to May 30, 2024. Systematic sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data was collected using Interviewer administered questionnaire. After data, SPSS version 26 software was used for analysis. Factors associated with utilization of prenatal vitamins were identified using bi-variable and multi variable logistic regression models. Statistical significance was declared at 95%CI and p-value < 0.05.
ResultIn this study, we found that 87.5% (95% CI: 84.31, 90.34) of pregnant women did not use prenatal vitamins. Women not having formal education (AOR = 2.72, 95%CI: 1.44–5.15), being unplanned pregnancy (AOR = 2.58, 95%CI: 1.76–3.78), husband being decision maker in health care (AOR = 1.71, 95%CI:1.09–2.68), having poor knowledge (AOR = 3.27, 95%CI: 1.44–7.42) and unfavorable attitude (AOR = 3.63, 95%CI: 1.61–8.18) on prenatal vitamins were significantly associated with non-users of prenatal vitamins.
ConclusionThe proportion of non-users of prenatal vitamin were higher. Educational level of women, pregnancy plan, decision on health care, knowledge and attitude on prenatal vitamins had statistically significant with utilization of prenatal vitamins. Developing and implementing targeted educational programs to increase awareness about the importance and benefits of prenatal vitamins and encouraging women to take an active role in their healthcare decisions is recommended to improve the utilization of prenatal vitamins.

背景：产前维生素（Prenatal Vitamin）与矿物质补充剂已成为临床标准护理的常规推荐方案。尽管埃塞俄比亚政府已针对孕妇及哺乳期女性推出孕产妇营养项目，但微量营养素缺乏仍是普遍存在的严重公共卫生问题，且目前关于孕期产前维生素服用率及其阻碍因素的相关研究仍较为匮乏。本研究旨在评估2024年贡达尔南部地区公立医院接受产前检查孕妇的产前维生素服用情况及其相关影响因素。
方法：本研究于2024年3月1日至5月30日期间采用多中心横断面研究设计，纳入416名孕妇。研究采用系统抽样方法选取研究对象，通过访谈式问卷收集研究数据，数据收集完成后使用SPSS 26统计软件进行数据分析。采用双变量及多变量Logistic回归（Logistic Regression）模型识别产前维生素服用的相关影响因素，以95%置信区间（CI）及P值<0.05作为统计学显著性判定标准。
结果：本研究显示，87.5%（95%CI：84.31, 90.34）的孕妇未服用产前维生素。未接受正规教育（调整后优势比[Adjusted Odds Ratio, AOR]=2.72，95%CI：1.44~5.15）、非计划妊娠（AOR=2.58，95%CI：1.76~3.78）、丈夫为医疗决策决策者（AOR=1.71，95%CI：1.09~2.68）、对产前维生素知识匮乏（AOR=3.27，95%CI：1.44~7.42）以及对产前维生素持有消极态度（AOR=3.63，95%CI：1.61~8.18）均为产前维生素未服用的显著相关因素。
结论：本研究中产前维生素未服用率较高。孕妇的受教育水平、妊娠计划情况、医疗决策话语权以及对产前维生素的认知与态度均与产前维生素服用率存在显著统计学关联。建议制定并实施针对性教育项目，以提升公众对产前维生素重要性与获益的认知，并鼓励女性积极参与自身医疗决策，从而改善产前维生素的服用依从性。