A multicomponent system based on a blend of agroindustrial wastes for the simultaneous production of industrially applicable enzymes by solid-state fermentation

Abstract This study reports the use of statistical mixture design as a tool for the simultaneous production of lipase, CMCase, α-amylase, and β-glucosidase by Aspergillus niger under solid-state fermentation. Wheat bran, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, and orange peel were used as substrates, either individually or combined in different formulations, to study their synergistic or antagonistic effects on production of the enzymes. The highest lipase (323 U g-1) and CMCase (10 U g-1) activities were detected after 48 h, while the maximum activities of α-amylase (18 U g-1) and β-glucosidase (15 U g-1) occurred at 72 and 96 h, respectively. Considering the substrate formulation, the ternary mixture of wheat bran (1/3), soybean meal (1/3), and cottonseed meal (1/3) was the most versatile, showing production of CMCase (>5 U g-1) and α-amylase (>8 U g-1) at 24 h, lipase (>320 U g-1) at 72 h, and β-glucosidase (>10 U g-1) at 48 h.摘要 本研究报道了以统计混料设计为工具，用于黑曲霉（Aspergillus niger）在固态发酵条件下同步生产脂肪酶、羧甲基纤维素酶（CMCase）、α-淀粉酶与β-葡萄糖苷酶。本研究选用麦麸、豆粕、棉籽粕及橘皮作为底物，通过单一底物或不同配比的组合底物，探究底物对酶类生产的协同或拮抗效应。培养48小时后可检测到最高的脂肪酶酶活（323 U·g⁻¹）与CMCase酶活（10 U·g⁻¹）；而α-淀粉酶（18 U·g⁻¹）与β-葡萄糖苷酶（15 U·g⁻¹）的最大酶活分别出现在72小时与96小时。就底物配比而言，麦麸（1/3）、豆粕（1/3）与棉籽粕（1/3）的三元混合底物适配性最强，可在24小时时产出羧甲基纤维素酶（>5 U·g⁻¹）与α-淀粉酶（>8 U·g⁻¹）、72小时时获得脂肪酶（>320 U·g⁻¹），并于48小时时检出β-葡萄糖苷酶（>10 U·g⁻¹）。