Sentinel-1A 60 scene data information.

We employed synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) to assess the slope stability of a high-altitude landfill in Sangri County, Shannan, Tibet. To address the unique climatic conditions of high-altitude regions, the InSAR deformation monitoring model was enhanced to mitigate the effects of temperature and rainfall. The accuracy of InSAR monitoring in high-elevation slopes was validated by comparison with GNSS RTK measurements. Both Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (D-InSAR) and Small Baseline Subset Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SBAS-InSAR) techniques were applied to monitor and evaluate slope deformation at the landfill site. The findings indicate that the average error between the improved InSAR model and GNSS measurements is 0.28 mm, with no statistically significant difference. The maximum slope displacement exceeds 20 mm when rainfall exceeds 300 mm, reaching the blue warning threshold. From 2018 to 2022, the deformation rate of the high-altitude landfill ranged from 0 to − 9.00 mm/a, classified as slip category VII. Significant deformation was observed during the rainy season, while the slope remained stable during dry periods, suggesting that rainfall is a primary trigger for slope deformation. A certain hysteresis effect in the deformation response to rainfall was also identified. The results demonstrate that InSAR technology offers comprehensive and dynamic monitoring capabilities for high-altitude slopes and serves as an effective tool for slope stability management in challenging environments.本研究采用合成孔径雷达干涉测量（InSAR）技术，对西藏山南市桑日县某高海拔填埋场的边坡稳定性开展评估。针对高海拔地区独特的气候特征，本研究对InSAR形变监测模型进行了优化改进，以削弱温度与降雨带来的干扰影响。通过与全球导航卫星系统实时动态定位（GNSS RTK）测量结果对比，验证了高海拔边坡InSAR监测方法的精度。本研究同时应用了差分合成孔径雷达干涉测量（D-InSAR）与小基线集合成孔径雷达干涉测量（SBAS-InSAR）两种技术，对该填埋场的边坡形变进行监测与评估。研究结果显示，改进后的InSAR模型与GNSS RTK实测结果的平均误差为0.28 mm，二者不存在统计学意义上的显著差异。当降雨量超过300 mm时，边坡最大位移突破20 mm，达到蓝色预警阈值。2018至2022年间，该高海拔填埋场的形变速率范围为0至-9.00 mm/a，归为VII级滑动类别。雨季观测到显著形变，而旱季边坡保持稳定，这表明降雨是引发边坡形变的主要诱因。此外，研究还发现边坡形变对降雨的响应存在一定滞后效应。本研究结果证实，InSAR技术可为高海拔边坡提供全面且动态的监测手段，是复杂环境下坡面稳定性管理的有效工具。