Labour Force Survey 2000, September - South Africa

Abstract
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The LFS is a twice-yearly rotating panel household survey, specifically designed to measure the dynamics of employment and unemployment in South Africa. It measures a variety of issues related to the labour market,including unemployment rates (official and expanded), according to standard definitions of the International Labour Organisation (ILO).

All editions of the LFS have been updated (some more than once) since their release. These version changes are detailed in a document available from DataFirst (in the "external documents" section titled "LFS 2000-2008 Collated Version Notes on the South African LFS").

Geographic coverage
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National Coverage

Analysis unit
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Households (dwellings) and individuals

Universe
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The LFS sample covers the non-institutional population except for workers' hostels. However, persons living in private dwelling units within institutions are also enumerated. For example, within a school compound, one would enumerate the schoolmaster's house and teachers' accommodation because these are private dwellings. Students living in a dormitory on the school compound would, however, be excluded.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The LFS is a twice-yearly rotating panel household survey. A rotating panel sample involves visiting the same dwelling units on a number of occasions (in this instance, five at most), and replacing a proportion of these dwelling units each round. New
dwelling units are added to the sample to replace those that are taken out. The pilot round of LFS fieldwork took place in February 2000, based on a probability sample of 10 000 dwelling units. This survey took place six months later, using a larger probability sample of 30,000 dwelling units. Among the 10,000 households visited in February, approximately 40% were re-visited in September 2000. The fieldworkers had some difficulty in identifying certain dwelling units in the sample, particularly in those areas where there are no addresses.

The Master Sample is based on the 1996 Population Census of enumeration areas (EA) and the estimated number of dwelling units from the 1996 Population Census. All 3000 PSUs included in the Master Sample were used in the Labour Force Survey. A PSU is either one EA or several EAs when the number of dwelling units in the base or originally selected EA was found to have less than 100 dwelling units. Each EA had to have approximately 150 dwelling units but it was discovered that many contained less. Thus, in some cases, it has been found necessary to add EAs to the original (census) EA to ensure that the minimum requirement of 100 dwellings, in the first stage of forming the PSUs, was met. The size of the PSUs in the Master Sample varied from 100 to 2445 dwelling units. Special dwellings such as prisons, hospitals, boarding houses, hotels, guest houses (whether catering or self-catering), schools and churches were excluded from the sample.

Explicit stratification of the PSUs was done by province and area type (urban/rural). Within each explicit stratum, the PSUs were implicitly stratified by District Council, Magisterial District and, within the magisterial district, by average household income (for formal urban areas and hostels) or EA. The allocated number of EAs was systematically selected with "probability proportional to size" in each stratum. Once the PSUs included in the sample were known, their boundaries had to be identified on the ground. After boundary identification, the next stage was to list accurately all the dwelling units in the PSUs.

The second stage of the sample selection was to draw from the dwelling units listing whereby a systematic sample of 10 dwelling units was drawn from each PSU. As a result, approximately 30,000 households (units) were interviewed. However, if there was growth of more than 20% in a PSU, then the sample size was increased systematically according to the proportion of growth in the PSU.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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Data collected includes data on households and person data (via the Flap and Section 1 of the questionnaire), worker data on persons 15-65 years (Sections 2, 3, 4 and 5). worker data collected includes labour market data, including employment in both the formal and informal sectors, and data on unemployment. Most questions in the Labour Force Survey questionnaire are pre-coded, i.e. there is a set number of choices from which one or more must be selected. Post-coding was done for open-ended questions.

摘要
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LFS（劳动调查）是一项每半年进行一次的轮换面访家庭调查，旨在衡量南非就业和失业的动态变化。该调查衡量了与劳动力市场相关的一系列问题，包括根据国际劳工组织（ILO）的标准定义测量的失业率（官方和扩展的）。

所有版本的LFS自发布以来均进行了更新（有些版本更新过一次以上）。这些版本变更的详细信息可在DataFirst提供的文档中找到，文档标题为“LFS 2000-2008 合并版南非LFS版本说明”（位于“外部文件”部分）。

地理覆盖范围
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全国覆盖

分析单元
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家庭（住宅）和个人

调查范围
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LFS样本覆盖了非机构人口，但工人宿舍除外。然而，居住在机构内部私人住宅单位的人员也被统计在内。例如，在学校园区内，需要统计校长住宅和教师住宿，因为这些是私人住宅。然而，居住在学校园区宿舍的学生则不包括在内。

数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]

抽样程序
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LFS是一项每半年进行一次的轮换面访家庭调查。轮换面访样本涉及在多次访问相同的住宅单位（在本例中最多五次），并在每一轮中替换一定比例的住宅单位。新的住宅单位被添加到样本中，以替换那些被移除的单位。LFS的试点调查于2000年2月进行，基于10000个住宅单位的概率样本。六个月后进行的调查使用了更大的概率样本，即30000个住宅单位。在2月份访问的10000个家庭中，大约40%在2000年9月被再次访问。调查员在识别样本中的某些住宅单位时遇到一些困难，特别是在没有地址的地区。

主样本基于1996年人口普查的枚举区域（EA）和1996年人口普查估计的住宅单位数量。主样本中包含的所有3000个PSU均用于劳动力调查。PSU可以是单个EA，也可以是多个EA，当基础或最初选定的EA中的住宅单位数量少于100个时。每个EA必须大约有150个住宅单位，但发现许多EA的住宅单位数量少于这个数字。因此，在某些情况下，有必要添加EA到原始（普查）EA中，以确保在形成PSU的第一阶段满足至少100个住宅单位的最低要求。主样本中PSU的大小从100到2445个住宅单位不等。特殊住宅，如监狱、医院、寄宿学校、酒店、旅馆（无论是否提供餐饮服务）以及学校和教堂，均被排除在样本之外。

对PSU进行了显式分层，按省份和区域类型（城市/农村）进行。在每个显式层内，PSU根据区议会、法院辖区以及法院辖区内的平均家庭收入（对于正式城市地区和宿舍）或EA进行隐式分层。在每个层中，EA的分配数量以“大小成比例的概率”进行系统选择。一旦确定了样本中的PSU，就必须在实地确定其边界。边界确定后，下一阶段是准确列出PSU中的所有住宅单位。

样本选择的第二阶段是从住宅单位清单中进行抽取，从每个PSU中抽取10个住宅单位的系统样本。因此，大约有30000个家庭（单位）接受了访谈。然而，如果PSU的增长超过20%，则样本大小将根据PSU增长的比例系统地增加。

数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]

研究工具
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收集的数据包括家庭和个人数据（通过问卷的封面和第一部分），以及15至65岁人员的工人数据（第二、三、四和五部分）。收集的工人数据包括劳动力市场数据，包括正式和非正式部门的就业情况，以及失业数据。劳动力调查问卷中的大多数问题都是预先编码的，即有一系列选项供选择，必须从中选择一个或多个。开放式问题的编码是在编码后进行的。