Raw and analyted data for manuscript: "Effect of sanding and plasma treatment of 3D printed parts on bonding to wood with PVAc adhesive"

Abstract: Additive manufacturing is becoming increasingly important for manufacturing end products, not just prototyping. However, the size of 3D printed products is limited due to available printer sizes and technological limitations. For example, making furniture from 3D printed parts and wooden elements requires adequate adhesive joints. Since materials for 3D printing usually do not bond very well with adhesives designed for woodworking, they require special surface preparation to improve adhesion. In this study, fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printed parts made of polylactic acid (PLA), polylactic acid with wood flour additive (Wood-PLA), and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymers were bonded to wood with polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesive. The surfaces of the samples were bonded either non-treated, sanded, plasma-treated, or sanded and plasma-treated to evaluate the effect of each surface preparation on the bondability of the 3D-printed surfaces. Different surface preparation affected bond shear strength. The plasma treatment significantly reduced water contact angles on all tested printing materials and increased the bond tensile shear strength for used adhesive. The increase in bond strength was highest for both, sanded and plasma-treated surfaces. The highest increase was found for the ABS material (untreated 0 MPa; sanded and plasma-treated 4.83 MPa) followed by Wood-PLA (from 0.45 MPa to 3.96 MPa) and PLA (from 0.55 MPa to 3.72 MPa). Analysis with scanning electron microscope showed smooth surfaces of 3D-printed parts, which become rougher with sanding with more protruded particles, but plasma treatment partially melted surface structures on the thermoplastic polymer surfaces. Article to be published in MDPI Polymers

摘要：增材制造（Additive Manufacturing）在最终产品制造中的重要性与日俱增，已不再局限于原型制作环节。然而，受现有打印机幅面与技术瓶颈的限制，3D打印产品的尺寸往往存在上限。举例来说，若以3D打印部件与木质构件制备家具，则需采用适配的粘接接头。但3D打印常用材料通常难以与木工专用胶粘剂实现良好粘接，因此需通过特殊的表面预处理工艺提升粘接性能。本研究采用聚乙酸乙烯酯（Polyvinyl Acetate，PVAc）胶粘剂，将熔融沉积建模（Fused Deposition Modeling，FDM）制备的聚乳酸（Polylactic Acid，PLA）、添加木粉的聚乳酸（Wood-PLA）以及丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物（Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene，ABS）三种3D打印件与木材进行粘接。实验对样品表面分别采用未处理、砂纸打磨、等离子处理以及砂纸打磨结合等离子处理四种预处理方式，以评估不同表面预处理工艺对3D打印表面粘接性能的影响。不同的表面预处理工艺对粘接剪切强度存在显著影响。等离子处理可显著降低所有受试打印材料表面的水接触角，并提升所用胶粘剂的粘接拉剪强度。采用砂纸打磨与等离子处理联合预处理的样品，其粘接强度提升幅度最高。其中ABS材料的粘接强度提升最为突出：未处理样品的粘接剪切强度为0 MPa，经联合预处理后可达4.83 MPa；其次为Wood-PLA材料，粘接强度从0.45 MPa提升至3.96 MPa；PLA材料则从0.55 MPa提升至3.72 MPa。扫描电子显微镜（Scanning Electron Microscope，SEM）分析结果显示：3D打印件原始表面较为平整，经砂纸打磨后表面粗糙度提升，出现更多凸起颗粒；而等离子处理可使热塑性聚合物表面的部分微观结构发生熔融。本文即将发表于MDPI旗下期刊《Polymers》。