Literature comparison.

This study investigates optimal capital allocation strategies for corporate decarbonization initiatives under technological transition constraints. A decision analysis framework grounded in real options theory is developed, incorporating fuzzy-set parameters to address implementation uncertainties in emission mitigation systems. Analytical results demonstrate inverse correlations between critical intervention factors (technological decarbonization efficiency, environmental taxation levels, eco-product market premiums, and fiscal incentive mechanisms) and capital deployment thresholds. Improved technical specifications, reinforced regulatory constraints, positive consumer responses, and targeted subsidy mechanisms synergistically facilitate sustainable infrastructure investments. Comparative evaluations confirm the proposed fuzzy option model’s superiority over conventional NPV methods in valuing managerial flexibility and mitigating valuation biases. Sequential option analysis reveals that modular implementation approaches can generate incremental value through adaptive capacity in operational execution. Empirical validation through ‘’industrial case studies illustrate the framework’s practical efficacy in assessing sustainable technology portfolios, offering actionable insights for strategic planning in carbon-intensive industries. This research contributes methodological advancements for timing optimization and risk assessment in environmental technology adoption scenarios.本研究旨在探讨技术转型约束下企业脱碳举措的最优资本配置策略。本研究构建了基于实物期权理论（Real Options Theory）的决策分析框架，引入模糊集参数以应对减排系统实施过程中的不确定性。分析结果显示，关键干预因素——技术脱碳效率、环境税税率、生态产品市场溢价及财政激励机制——与资本部署阈值呈负相关关系。更完善的技术规范、强化的监管约束、积极的消费者响应以及定向补贴机制，可协同促进可持续基础设施投资。对比评估证实，所提出的模糊期权模型在评估管理灵活性、缓解估值偏差方面，优于传统净现值（Net Present Value, NPV）法。序贯期权分析表明，模块化实施方法可通过运营执行中的适应能力创造增量价值。通过工业案例研究开展的实证验证表明，该框架在评估可持续技术组合方面具备实际有效性，可为高碳行业的战略规划提供可行见解。本研究为环境技术采纳场景下的时机优化与风险评估提供了方法学层面的进展。