Data accompanying Holzmaar (HZM) Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction Pipeline
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Holzmaar Paleoclimate and Paleoenvironmental Dataset Dataset Overview This dataset contains high-resolution, multi-proxy paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental records from Holzmaar, a volcanic crater lake in the Volcanic Eifel region of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany (50°7′8″N, 6°52′45″E). The lake sediments preserve a continuous record spanning from 11,750 to 15,400 cal. yr BP, providing insights into late Quaternary climate variability, ecosystem dynamics, and environmental change in central Europe. Study Site Location: Holzmaar, Volcanic Eifel, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany Coordinates: 50°7′8″N, 6°52′45″E Lake Type: Maar (volcanic crater lake) Lake Dimensions: Area 6.8 ha; diameter 325 m; average depth 21 m Dataset Contents Primary Data Files 1. Elemental Geochemistry (X-ray Fluorescence) File:`HZM_xrf_raw_measurements.xlsx` Description: Raw elemental counts per second from ITRAX core scanner Covered Elements: Fe, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, P, Si, S, Cl, and others Resolution: ~1 mm Analytical Method: X-ray fluorescence (XRF) using ITRAX core scanner Use: Elemental composition tracking, redox cycling, terrigenous input 2. Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) and Pigments File: `HZM_hsi_composite.xlsx`, `HZM_hsi_xrf_calibrated_1mm.xlsx` Description: Calibrated high-resolution HSI, and then downscaled HSI combined with XRF dataset Pigments Measured: Chlorophyll derivatives, bacteriopheophytin-a Calibration: Spectrophotometer Resolution: 80 μm and 1 mm Use: Productivity indicators, phytoplankton community composition, primary production 3. Pigment Calibration Standards File: `HZM_pigment_calibration.xlsx` Description: Spectrophotometer calibration data for pigment quantification Sheet: "for_LM" contains calibration relationships Compounds: Chlorophyll a and derivatives, carotenoids 4. Redox Geochemistry & Sequential Extraction File: `HZM_sequential_extraction_fe_mn_p.xlsx` Description: Sequential extraction results for iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and phosphorus (P) Geochemical Phases: Exchangeable, bound to Fe-Mn oxides, bound to organic matter, residual Resolution: Low-resolution subset Analytes: Fe, Mn, P speciation Use: Paleoredox reconstruction, nutrient cycling, organic matter decomposition 5. Low-Resolution Integrated Dataset File:`HZM_lowres_redox_diatom_pigment.xlsx` Sheets: "Redox_Dia_PigOMug": Redox elements, diatoms, pigments (all normalized to organic matter) "Redox_Dia_PigBulk": Same data normalized to bulk sediment weight "Redox_Dia_PigOM": Pigments normalized to organic matter "Pig conversion": Molecular weights for pigment conversions Description: Compilation of redox-sensitive elements, diatom assemblages, and pigment concentrations at reduced resolution Normalization: Organic matter (OM) content or bulk sediment mass 6. Depth Scale File: `HZM_xrf_depth_scale.csv` Description: XRF depth-to-age calibration scale Resolution: 1 mm intervals Use: Depth normalization for all high-resolution data 7. Pollen Records File:`holzmaar_pollen_records.csv` Description: Holzmaar pollen stratigraphy Age Range: 0-15,030 BP (measured data) Taxa: Woody and herbaceous pollen, spores Resolution: Variable, approximately 30-year intervals Modelled Extension: `HolzPol_predicted_13258-10995.csv` (statistically modelled pollen using Meerfelder Maar calibration) 8. Pigment Production Rates File: `HZM_pigment_production.xlsx` Description: Calculated pigment production rates with classification Classifications: Pioneers, secondary colonisers, diatoms + bacteria Note: Based on 50% threshold analysis 9. Diatom Assemblages File: `HZM_diatom_assemblages.xlsx` Sheets: Sheet 1: Diatom counts "diatoms_name": Taxon nomenclature "PolZ": Pollen zone designations Description: Diatom species abundance and classification Resolution: Low-resolution Use: Lake productivity, pH, temperature reconstruction External Reference Datasets External Paleoclimate Proxies: `gdgt_temperature_proxy.csv`: GDGT-derived temperature estimates (Ragberg-Zander calibration) from Auel-ELSA core, Northern Germany `gerzensee_temperature.csv`: Diatom-inferred July temperatures from Lake Gerzensee, Switzerland `egelsee_temperature.csv`: Diatom-inferred temperatures from Lake Egelsee, German Alps `ngrip_oxygen_isotopes.csv`: NGRIP (North Greenland Ice Core Project) δ18O isotope record `insolation_data.csv`: Orbital insolation calculations (July and January solar insolation at 50°N) Reference Pollen Datasets `meerfelderMaar_betula_pollen.csv`: Meerfelder Maar Betula (birch) pollen reference sequence (used for calibration) `meerfelderMaar_pinus_pollen.csv`: Meerfelder Maar Pinus (pine) pollen reference sequence `meerfelderMaar_herbs_pollen.csv`: Meerfelder Maar herbaceous pollen reference sequence `Pollen_Litt_Usinger_stacked.xlsx`: European literature pollen compilation (Usinger reference) `meerfelderMaar_pollen_master.xlsx`: Complete Meerfelder Maar pollen dataset with age-depth model
霍尔茨玛尔古气候与古环境数据集（Holzmaar Paleoclimate and Paleoenvironmental Dataset） ## 数据集概览 本数据集包含源自德国莱茵兰-普法尔茨州火山艾费尔地区的火山口湖霍尔茨玛尔（Holzmaar，坐标50°7′8″N，6°52′45″E）的高分辨率多代用指标古气候与古环境记录。该湖沉积物保存了连续的11750至15400日历年BP（cal. yr BP）的沉积记录，可为中欧晚第四纪气候变异性、生态系统动态及环境变化研究提供关键依据。 ## 研究位点 位置：德国莱茵兰-普法尔茨州火山艾费尔地区霍尔茨玛尔 坐标：50°7′8″N，6°52′45″E 湖泊类型：玛珥湖（Maar，火山口湖） 湖泊参数：面积6.8公顷，直径325米，平均水深21米 ## 数据集内容 ### 核心数据文件 1. 元素地球化学（X射线荧光光谱） 文件：`HZM_xrf_raw_measurements.xlsx` 描述：来自ITRAX岩芯扫描仪的原始元素每秒计数数据 覆盖元素：铁（Fe）、钾（K）、钙（Ca）、钛（Ti）、锰（Mn）、磷（P）、硅（Si）、硫（S）、氯（Cl）及其他元素 分辨率：约1毫米 分析方法：使用ITRAX岩芯扫描仪开展X射线荧光光谱（X-ray fluorescence, XRF）分析 用途：元素组成追踪、氧化还原循环、陆源输入研究 2. 高光谱成像（Hyperspectral Imaging, HSI）与色素 文件：`HZM_hsi_composite.xlsx`、`HZM_hsi_xrf_calibrated_1mm.xlsx` 描述：经过校准的高分辨率高光谱成像数据，以及经降尺度后与XRF数据集整合的高光谱成像数据 测定色素：叶绿素衍生物、细菌脱镁叶绿素-a 校准方式：分光光度法 分辨率：80微米与1毫米 用途：生产力指标、浮游植物群落组成、初级生产力研究 3. 色素校准标准品 文件：`HZM_pigment_calibration.xlsx` 描述：用于色素定量的分光光度法校准数据 工作表“for_LM”包含校准关系曲线 检测化合物：叶绿素a及其衍生物、类胡萝卜素 4. 氧化还原地球化学与连续萃取 文件：`HZM_sequential_extraction_fe_mn_p.xlsx` 描述：铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）与磷（P）的连续萃取分析结果 地球化学相态：可交换相、结合于铁-锰氧化物相、结合于有机质相、残余相 分辨率：低分辨率子集 分析物：Fe、Mn、P的形态分级 用途：古氧化还原重建、营养盐循环、有机质分解研究 5. 低分辨率整合数据集 文件：`HZM_lowres_redox_diatom_pigment.xlsx` 包含工作表： - "Redox_Dia_PigOMug"：以有机质为归一化基准的氧化还原元素、硅藻与色素数据 - "Redox_Dia_PigBulk"：以沉积物总质量为归一化基准的同系列数据 - "Redox_Dia_PigOM"：以有机质为归一化基准的色素数据 - "Pig conversion"：色素转化所需的分子量参数 描述：经整合的低分辨率氧化还原敏感元素、硅藻组合与色素浓度数据集 归一化方式：有机质（OM）含量或沉积物总质量 6. 深度标尺 文件：`HZM_xrf_depth_scale.csv` 描述：XRF数据的深度-年龄校准标尺 分辨率：1毫米间隔 用途：所有高分辨率数据的深度归一化基准 7. 花粉记录 文件：`holzmaar_pollen_records.csv` 描述：霍尔茨玛尔花粉地层序列 年代范围：0至15030 BP（实测数据） 分类群：木本与草本花粉、孢子 分辨率：不固定，平均约30年间隔 模型延伸数据集：`HolzPol_predicted_13258-10995.csv`（基于米尔费尔德玛珥湖校准的统计模拟花粉数据） 8. 色素生产速率 文件：`HZM_pigment_production.xlsx` 描述：经计算的色素生产速率及分类结果 分类：先锋物种、次生定植者、硅藻+细菌 备注：基于50%阈值分析得到 9. 硅藻组合 文件：`HZM_diatom_assemblages.xlsx` 包含工作表： - 工作表1：硅藻计数数据 - "diatoms_name"：分类群命名规范 - "PolZ"：花粉带划分标识 描述：硅藻物种丰度与分类结果 分辨率：低分辨率 用途：湖泊生产力、pH值、温度重建 ### 外部参考数据集 #### 外部古气候代用指标 - `gdgt_temperature_proxy.csv`：源自德国北部Auel-ELSA岩芯的GDGT衍生温度估算数据（基于Ragberg-Zander校准方案） - `gerzensee_temperature.csv`：源自瑞士格尔岑湖（Lake Gerzensee）的硅藻推断七月温度数据 - `egelsee_temperature.csv`：源自德国阿尔卑斯山埃格尔湖（Lake Egelsee）的硅藻推断温度数据 - `ngrip_oxygen_isotopes.csv`：北格陵兰冰芯项目（North Greenland Ice Core Project, NGRIP）δ¹⁸O同位素记录 - `insolation_data.csv`：轨道日照量计算数据（50°N纬度处七月与一月的太阳日照量） #### 参考花粉数据集 - `meerfelderMaar_betula_pollen.csv`：米尔费尔德玛珥湖桦木（Betula，birch）花粉参考序列（用于校准） - `meerfelderMaar_pinus_pollen.csv`：米尔费尔德玛珥湖松属（Pinus，pine）花粉参考序列 - `meerfelderMaar_herbs_pollen.csv`：米尔费尔德玛珥湖草本花粉参考序列 - `Pollen_Litt_Usinger_stacked.xlsx`：欧洲文献花粉汇编（Usinger参考数据集） - `meerfelderMaar_pollen_master.xlsx`：包含年代-深度模型的完整米尔费尔德玛珥湖花粉数据集
