Microbiota features associated with consumption of a high saturated fat and low fiber diet in healthy subjects

The intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) is related to the onset of obesity, inflammation and cancer related diseases. Gut microbiota has emerged as a new factor that could be involved in the development of these disorders, and it is also one of the factors most influenced by the host diet. Body composition and gut microbiota composition were analyzed, and associations between bacterial taxa, diet and body fat composition were determined globally and separated by sex. Metagenome functional pathways were predicted by PICRUSt analysis. The microbiota of healthy people with a high SFA diet contains bacterial taxa that could be related to the development of some diseases, especially obesity and other pro-inflammatory diseases in women

饱和脂肪酸（saturated fatty acids, SFA）的摄入与肥胖、炎症及癌症相关疾病的发病风险密切相关。肠道菌群（gut microbiota）现已被证实为参与上述疾病发生发展的新型影响因素，同时也是受宿主饮食影响最为显著的因素之一。本研究对受试者的身体成分与肠道菌群组成进行了分析，并在全局层面及按性别分组的条件下，明确了细菌类群、饮食与体脂组成之间的关联。研究通过PICRUSt分析预测了宏基因组功能通路。长期摄入高饱和脂肪酸饮食的健康人群，其肠道菌群中所含的细菌类群可能与部分疾病的发生发展相关，尤其与女性群体的肥胖及其他促炎症类疾病存在关联。