Population Fluctuation of Termitofauna (Blattodea: Isoptera) in Six Forest Fragments of the Mata Atlântica

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the forest restoration of the basin of Guapiaçu river in Cachoeiras de Macacu, Rio de Janeiro state, using the families of Termites as tools for environmental assessment. We analyzed the population fluctuation and feeding guilds of the families of Termites: Kalotermitidae, Rhinotermitidae and Termitidae. Six sampling points were arranged along Guapiaçu river, five points being inferred in reforestation carried out in the basin and a point in a regeneration control area. Quantitative and qualitative surveys followed standard protocols and the samples were obtained directly, without baits. Thirty species within 25 genera were identified and the family Termitidae was the most frequent. The termite fauna of the control point P06 was the richest. From the frequencies of occurrence of the species related to their trophic guild, an ecological evaluation table of the environments was proposed. The P05 area, rich in plant species, presented the greatest similarity to the natural regeneration area P06. The majority of the species was classified as xilophagous.

摘要
本研究以白蚁类群作为环境评估工具，对里约热内卢州卡舒埃拉斯-迪马卡乌市瓜皮亚苏河流域的森林修复工程开展评价。我们针对木白蚁科（Kalotermitidae）、鼻白蚁科（Rhinotermitidae）及白蚁科（Termitidae）的种群波动与取食功能群展开分析。沿瓜皮亚苏河共布设6个采样点，其中5个采样点设于该流域已开展的人工修复林样地中，剩余1个采样点作为自然恢复对照区。本次调查的定量与定性工作均遵循标准实验规程，采用直接采样法采集样本，未使用诱饵。共鉴定出25属30种白蚁，其中白蚁科（Termitidae）的出现频率最高。对照点P06的白蚁物种丰富度最高。基于各物种与其取食功能群的出现频率，本研究构建了一套环境生态评价表。植物物种丰富度较高的P05区域，与自然恢复区P06的群落相似性最高。绝大多数受试物种被归类为食木性类群。