Data_Sheet_7_The Effect of Qiweibaizhu Powder Crude Polysaccharide on Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea Mice Is Associated With Restoring Intestinal Mucosal Bacteria.zip

BackgroundQiweibaizhu powder (QWBZP) has been shown to be effective in treating antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). Previous research has reported that plant polysaccharides can promote the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria and inhibit the multiplication of pathogenic bacteria, thus effectively treating diarrhea. Here, we investigated the effect of QWBZP crude polysaccharide on the diversity of intestinal mucosal bacteria and their community structure composition in mice with AAD, and the aim of this study was to provide the scientific basis for the efficacy of QWBZP crude polysaccharide on diarrhea.
Materials and MethodsEighteen Kunming (KM) mice were randomly divided into the normal (mn) group, the model (mm) group, and the QWBZP crude polysaccharide treatment (ma) group, with six mice in each group. An AAD model was constructed using a mixed antibiotic solution and treated with gavage crude polysaccharide solution of QWBZP. The intestinal mucosa was extracted from the jejunum to the ileum of mice, and the metagenome was extracted and then analyzed using MiSeq sequencing to characterize the intestinal mucosal bacteria in mice.
ResultsThe spleen and thymus indices of each group of mice had no significant differences. The Chao1 and ACE indices of the mn and mm groups were similar, the Simpson index was the largest and the Shannon index was the smallest in the mm group, and there was no significant difference in the diversity indices of all three groups. In the PCA and PCoA, the mn and ma group samples were both relatively concentrated with a high similarity of community structure. In contrast, the samples in the mm group were more scattered and farther away from the samples in the mn and ma groups, i.e., the community structure similarity within and between the groups was low. Compared with the mm group, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Lactobacillus, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio in the ma group was decreased, while that of Enterococcus continued to increase. In the LEfSe analysis, there were significant differences in the characteristic bacteria in the mn, mm, and ma groups.
ConclusionThe single crude polysaccharide component is not very effective in treating AAD, so the clinical efficacy of the QWBZP crude polysaccharide is subject to further investigation.

背景：七味白术散（Qiweibaizhu powder, QWBZP）已被证实可有效治疗抗生素相关性腹泻（antibiotic-associated diarrhea, AAD）。既往研究表明，植物多糖可促进肠道有益菌增殖、抑制病原菌繁殖，从而实现腹泻的有效治疗。本研究探究了七味白术散粗多糖对抗生素相关性腹泻模型小鼠肠道黏膜细菌多样性及其群落结构组成的影响，旨在为七味白术散粗多糖治疗腹泻的功效提供科学依据。

材料与方法：将18只昆明种（Kunming, KM）小鼠随机分为正常组（mn）、模型组（mm）与七味白术散粗多糖治疗组（ma），每组6只。采用混合抗生素溶液构建抗生素相关性腹泻模型，并以七味白术散粗多糖溶液灌胃干预。采集小鼠空肠至回肠段的肠黏膜组织，提取宏基因组后采用MiSeq测序技术对小鼠肠道黏膜细菌进行表征分析。

结果：各组小鼠的脾指数与胸腺指数均无显著差异。正常组与模型组的Chao1指数与ACE指数相近；模型组的Simpson指数最高，Shannon指数最低，但三组间的多样性指数均无显著差异。主成分分析（PCA）与主坐标分析（PCoA）结果显示，正常组与治疗组样本均较为集中，群落结构相似度较高；与之相反，模型组样本更为分散，且与正常组、治疗组样本的距离较远，即组内及组间的群落结构相似度均较低。与模型组相比，治疗组的变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）相对丰度以及厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门（F/B）比值均有所降低，而肠球菌属（Enterococcus）的相对丰度则持续升高。线性判别分析效应大小（LEfSe）分析结果显示，正常组、模型组与治疗组的特征菌属存在显著差异。

结论：单一粗多糖组分对抗生素相关性腹泻的治疗效果不甚理想，因此七味白术散粗多糖的临床疗效仍需进一步探究验证。