Sediment core data related to the extinction of Mammuthus primigenius, St. Paul Island, Alaska, 2014

This project will provide new data on the paleoclimates, paleoenviroments and the biodiversity impacts of sea level rise on the southern edge of the Bering Land Bridge (BLB), and is intended to facilitate a better understanding of why woolly mammoths survived late into the mid-Holocene only in the environments of Arctic islands of this area. Furthermore, this research will attempt to establish the actual time of extinction of the Holocene mammoth population on St. Paul Island, Pribilof Islands, Alaska, and apply this information to test various proposed causal hypotheses for the extinction. Relict woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) populations survived on several small Beringian islands for thousands of years after mainland populations went extinct. Here, we present new multi-proxy paleoenvironmental records to investigate the timing, causes, and consequences of mammoth disappearance from St. Paul Island, Alaska, USA. These proxies include pollen, spores, cladocerans, diatoms, oxygen isotopes, C:N, MS, 14C data, tephra, LOI and aDNA.

本项目将提供白令陆桥（Bering Land Bridge, BLB）南部边缘地区海平面上升相关的古气候、古环境及其对生物多样性影响的全新数据，旨在深化对为何仅该区域北极群岛环境中，猛犸象（Mammuthus primigenius）能够存活至全新世中期晚期的认知。此外，本研究将尝试确定美国阿拉斯加州普里比洛夫群岛圣保罗岛（St. Paul Island, Pribilof Islands, Alaska, USA）上全新世猛犸象种群的实际灭绝时间，并利用该数据检验各项已提出的猛犸象灭绝因果假说。在大陆猛犸象种群灭绝数千年后，孑遗的猛犸象（Mammuthus primigenius）种群仍在数个白令陆桥区域的小型岛屿上存续。本文呈现了全新的多代用指标古环境记录，以探究美国阿拉斯加州圣保罗岛猛犸象消失的时间、成因及后果。这些代用指标涵盖花粉、孢子、枝角类、硅藻、氧同位素、碳氮比（C:N）、磁化率（MS）、碳十四（14C）数据、火山碎屑（tephra）、烧失量（LOI）以及古代DNA（aDNA）。