Research dataset of the study.

ObjectivesEvaluation of spinal muscle morphology may be critical because of its impact on segmental stability and control of the lumbar spine in the subset of patients with clinical lumbar segmental instability (LSI). The purpose of this study was to compare lumbar muscle morphology in CNLBP patients with clinical LSI, CNLBP patients without clinical LSI.MethodsThis case-control study included 30 patients with CNLBP (15 with clinical LSI and 15 without clinical LSI) and 15 subjects without LBP. Axial magnetic resonance images from the L2 to S1 lumbar levels were used to evaluate the morphology of the lumbar muscles.ResultsA significant increase in the muscle-to-fat infiltration index and a significant decrease in the relative muscle cross-sectional area (rmCSA) of the multifidus muscle at the L3-L4 to L5-S1 levels were observed in both CNLBP groups compared to the control group (pConclusionsThe atrophic changes of the multifidus muscle, in CNLBP patients with or without clinical LSI was observed. However, hypertrophic changes of the erector spinae muscle at the L4-L5 lumbar level were observed only in the clinical LSI group. Psaos major did not show significant atrophic or hypertrophic changes.研究目标：鉴于脊柱肌肉形态对伴临床腰椎节段不稳（clinical lumbar segmental instability, LSI）的患者亚组的腰椎节段稳定性及运动控制具有显著影响，评估脊柱肌肉形态或具备关键临床价值。本研究旨在对比伴临床LSI的慢性非特异性腰痛（Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain, CNLBP）患者、不伴临床LSI的CNLBP患者的腰椎肌肉形态。研究方法：本病例对照研究纳入30例CNLBP患者（其中15例伴临床LSI，15例不伴临床LSI）及15名无腰痛（low back pain, LBP）受试者。采用L2至S1腰椎节段的轴向磁共振图像评估腰椎肌肉形态。研究结果：相较于对照组，两个CNLBP组在L3-L4至L5-S1节段的多裂肌肌脂浸润指数显著升高，相对肌肉横截面积（relative muscle cross-sectional area, rmCSA）显著降低（P<0.05）。研究结论：本研究观察到伴或不伴临床LSI的CNLBP患者均存在多裂肌萎缩性改变。然而，仅在临床LSI组中观察到L4-L5腰椎节段的竖脊肌出现肥厚性改变。腰大肌未出现显著的萎缩或肥厚性改变。