Genetic divergence of Anthurium affine germplasm using morphoagronomic and molecular descriptors

ABSTRACT Anthurium affine is an ornamental Brazilian native plant very appreciated due to its long-lasting durability. To explore the genetic diversity available, 21 A. affine half-sibling progeny were evaluated using morphoagronomic and molecular descriptors. The morphoagronomic descriptors used were: plant height, plant diameter, growth habit, leaf number, leaf blade length, leaf blade width, petiole length, petiole diameter, leaf margin undulation, general appearance; soil cover rate and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers the molecular one. All the descriptors within the progeny showed variability and general appearance, leaf margin undulation and soil cover rate are the ones that most contribute to the plants divergence. From 45 RAPD primers tested, 19 presented clear polymorphic bands (42.2%). Those generated 200 molecular markers, 81 (40.5%) of them being polymorphic. The number of polymorphic bands per RAPD primer ranged from one (OPB10) to eight (OPW11) and polymorphism ranged from 16.6% (OPB10) to 70% (OPW05). Grouping analysis of morphoagronomic and molecular descriptors formed five and four groups respectively. The dendrograms showed differentiation between accessions although there was no association between morphoagronomic and molecular groupings. There is genetic divergence within the half-sibling progeny of A. affine plants evaluated, which opens up possibilities for increase variability.

摘要：花烛（Anthurium affine）为巴西本土观赏植物，因其观赏持久性优异而广受喜爱。为探究其可利用的遗传多样性，本研究借助形态农艺性状与分子标记两类描述指标，对21份花烛半同胞子代材料开展评价。所采用的形态农艺性状指标包括：株高、株幅、生长习性、叶片数、叶片长度、叶片宽度、叶柄长度、叶柄直径、叶缘波状程度、整体外观以及土壤覆盖率；分子指标则采用随机扩增多态性DNA（Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA, RAPD）标记。供试子代的所有描述指标均表现出遗传变异，其中整体外观、叶缘波状程度与土壤覆盖率是对植株分化贡献最为显著的性状。在测试的45条RAPD引物中，19条可扩增出清晰的多态性条带（占比42.2%），共扩增得到200个分子标记，其中81个为多态性标记（占比40.5%）。每条RAPD引物扩增获得的多态性条带数介于1条（OPB10）至8条（OPW11）之间，多态性率介于16.6%（OPB10）至70%（OPW05）之间。对形态农艺性状与分子标记数据分别进行聚类分析，结果分别得到5个和4个类群。聚类树状图显示供试材料间存在遗传分化，但形态农艺性状聚类结果与分子标记聚类结果之间未发现显著关联。本研究评价的花烛半同胞子代群体中存在遗传分化，这为后续提升群体遗传变异水平提供了可行的研究方向。