GroMoPo Metadata for Kashkadarya irrigation salinization model

The man-made development of lands for irrigated agriculture has provided benefits, but in some schemes has resulted in catastrophic problems arising from soil salinization including those in the Aral Sea Basin in central Asia and the Murray-Darling Basin in Australia. Soil salinization is, a gradual process and the impact of salt intrusion is noticeable after several years of development, typically ranging from 10 to 30 years. In central Asia salt water management has historically been based on rules of thumb with mixed results. A coupled surface and ground water model, HYDRO-GW, has been developed with the facilities to model the processes in the root zone and in the unsaturated and saturated subsurface system. The model is applied to the Kashkadarya irrigation area in Uzbekistan to assess the impact of various changes in land and water management practices on reducing salinity levels. Simplified equations have been presented which have potential application for assessing the salinization process and can be used as precursors to detailed assessment using a coupled surface and ground water model.

人工开发土地用于灌溉农业虽带来诸多益处，但部分项目却因土壤盐渍化（soil salinization）引发了灾难性问题，其中包括中亚咸海盆地（Aral Sea Basin）与澳大利亚墨累-达令盆地（Murray-Darling Basin）的相关案例。土壤盐渍化是一个渐进过程，盐侵（salt intrusion）的影响通常在开发数年后（一般为10至30年）才会显现。历史上，中亚地区的盐水管理多基于经验法则，成效参差不齐。本研究开发了一款地表水-地下水耦合模型（coupled surface and ground water model）HYDRO-GW，该模型可对根区、非饱和带与饱和地下系统中的相关过程进行模拟。该模型被应用于乌兹别克斯坦的卡什卡达里亚灌溉区，以评估土地与水管理实践的各类调整在降低盐渍化水平方面的效果。本研究还提出了若干简化方程，这些方程具备评估盐渍化过程的应用潜力，可作为使用地表水-地下水耦合模型开展详细评估的前置参考工具。