Serum nesfatin-1 levels are decreased in pregnant women newly diagnosed with gestational diabetes

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate serum nesfatin-1 levels at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy in women newly diagnosed with gestational diabetes and determine the association of nesfatin-1 with several metabolic parameters. Subjects and methods Forty women newly diagnosed with gestational diabetes at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy and 30 healthy pregnant women matched in age and gestational week were included in this cross-sectional study. Serum nesfatin-1 levels were analyzed using ELISA, and the relationship between nesfatin-1 and several metabolic parameters were assessed. Results Serum nesfatin-1 levels were found to be lower in women with gestational diabetes compared to the pregnant women in the control sample (p = 0.020). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that nesfatin-1 was lower in participants with gestational diabetes independently from gestational age, BMI, HOMA-IR, fasting plasma glucose, and age. In correlation analysis, the only variable that was found to have a statistically significant correlation with nesfatin-1 was gestational age (p = 0.015, r = 0.30). Conclusion Lower nesfatin-1 levels in women with gestational diabetes compared to the control group at 24-28 weeks of gestation draws attention to nesfatin-1 levels in gestational diabetes and motivates further research in this area.

摘要
研究目的 本研究旨在探究孕24~28周新诊断妊娠糖尿病（gestational diabetes）患者的血清nesfatin-1水平，并分析nesfatin-1与多项代谢指标的关联。
研究对象与方法 本横断面研究（cross-sectional study）共纳入40名孕24~28周新诊断妊娠糖尿病患者，以及30名年龄、孕周相匹配的健康妊娠女性。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测血清nesfatin-1水平，并评估nesfatin-1与多项代谢指标的关联。
研究结果 与对照组妊娠女性相比，妊娠糖尿病患者的血清nesfatin-1水平更低（p=0.020）。多重线性回归分析显示，妊娠糖尿病患者的nesfatin-1水平低于对照组，且该差异独立于孕周、体重指数（BMI）、稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）、空腹血浆葡萄糖（fasting plasma glucose）及年龄。相关性分析显示，仅孕周与nesfatin-1水平存在统计学意义的显著相关性（p=0.015，r=0.30）。
研究结论 孕24~28周妊娠糖尿病患者的血清nesfatin-1水平较对照组更低，这一结果提示nesfatin-1水平与妊娠糖尿病的关联值得关注，同时可推动该领域的进一步研究。