Vertical profiles of environmental parameters measured from physical, optical and imaging sensors during station TARA_037 of the Tara Oceans expedition 2009-2013

The Tara Oceans Expedition (2009-2013) sampled the world oceans on board a 36 m long schooner, collecting environmental data and organisms from viruses to planktonic metazoans for later analyses using modern sequencing and state-of-the-art imaging technologies. Tara Oceans Data are particularly suited to study the genetic, morphological and functional diversity of plankton. The present data set includes properties of seawater, particulate matter and dissolved matter from physical, optical and imaging sensors mounted on a vertical sampling system (Rosette) used during the 2009-2013 tara Oceans Expedition. It comprised 2 pairs of conductivity and temperature sensors (SEABIRD components), and a complete set of WEtLabs optical sensors, including chrorophyll and CDOM fluorometers, a 25 cm transmissiometer, and a one-wavelength backscatter meter. In addition, a SATLANTIC ISUS nitrate sensor and a Hydroptic Underwater Vision Profiler (UVP) were mounted on the rosette. In the Arctic Ocean and Arctic Seas (2013), a second oxygen sensor (SBE43) and a four frequency Aquascat acoustic profiler were added. The system was powered on specific Li-Ion batteries and data were self-recorded at 24HZ. Sensors have all been factory calibrated before, during and after the four year program. Oxygen was validated using climatologies (WOA09). Nitrate and Fluorescence data were adjusted with discrete measurements from Niskin bottles mounted on the Rosette, and optical darks were performed monthly on board. A total of 839 quality checked vertical profiles were made during the tara Oceans expedition 2009-2013.

塔拉海洋科考航次（2009-2013年）依托一艘36米长的纵帆船开展全球海洋采样，收集了涵盖病毒至浮游后生动物的各类生物与环境数据，后续将借助现代测序技术与顶尖成像手段开展相关分析。塔拉海洋数据集尤其适用于研究浮游生物的遗传、形态与功能多样性。本次数据集涵盖2009-2013年塔拉海洋科考航次中，搭载于垂直采样系统（Rosette）的物理、光学及成像传感器所测得的海水、颗粒物与溶解物相关参数。该系统配备2组电导-温度传感器（SEABIRD组件），以及全套WEtLabs光学传感器，包括叶绿素与有色溶解有机物（CDOM）荧光计、25厘米透射仪与单波长后散射仪。此外，该垂直采样系统还搭载了SATLANTIC ISUS硝酸根传感器与Hydroptic水下视觉剖面仪（UVP）。在2013年北冰洋及北极海域航次中，系统新增了第二台氧传感器（SBE43）与四频Aquascat声学剖面仪。该系统采用专用锂离子电池供电，数据以24Hz的频率自主存储记录。所有传感器均在四年科考项目的筹备、实施及收尾阶段完成了工厂校准。溶解氧数据通过世界海洋图集2009（WOA09）气候数据集进行了有效性验证；硝酸根与荧光数据通过搭载于Rosette系统的尼斯金采水器获取的离散采样值进行校正，每月在科考船上开展一次光学暗场校准。2009-2013年塔拉海洋科考航次共完成839份经过质量校验的垂直剖面数据集。