Results for sets 5 to 8.

This study explores the Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) treatment of lignocellulosic biomass blends, delving into the influence of several key parameters: temperature, additive nature and dosage, residence time, and biomass composition. Rapeseeds, Pinus radiata sawdust, oat husks, and pressed olive served as the studied biomasses. One hundred twenty-eight experiments were conducted to assess the effects on mass yield (MY), energy yield (EY), higher heating value (HHV), and final ash content (ASH) by a Factorial Experimental Design. The derived model equations demonstrated a robust fit to the experimental data, averaging an R2 exceeding 0.94, affirming their predictive accuracy. The observed energy yield ranged between 65% and 80%, notably with sawdust and olive blends securing EY levels surpassing 70%, while rapeseed blends exhibited the highest HHV at 25 MJ/kg. Temperature emerged as the most influential factor, resulting in an 11% decrease in MY and a substantial 2.20 MJ/kg increase in HHV. Contrastingly, blend composition and additive presence significantly impacted ASH and EY, with all blends exhibiting increased ASH in the presence of additives. Higher initial hemicellulose and aqueous extractive content in raw biomass correlated proportionally with heightened HHV.

本研究针对木质纤维素生物质混合物的水热碳化（Hydrothermal Carbonization，HTC）处理展开探索，深入剖析了温度、添加剂性质与投加量、停留时间以及生物质组成这几项核心参数的影响效应。本研究所选用的受试生物质包括油菜籽、辐射松（Pinus radiata）木屑、燕麦壳以及橄榄压榨产物。通过析因实验设计，本研究共开展128组实验，以考察上述参数对质量产率（mass yield，MY）、能量产率（energy yield，EY）、高位发热量（higher heating value，HHV）以及最终灰分含量（final ash content，ASH）的影响。所推导得到的模型方程对实验数据展现出优异的拟合效果，平均决定系数（R²）超过0.94，证实了模型具备出色的预测准确性。实验测得的能量产率介于65%至80%之间，其中辐射松木屑与橄榄混合物的能量产率尤为突出，突破70%；而油菜籽混合物的高位发热量最高，可达25 MJ/kg。温度被证实为影响最为显著的因素，温度升高会使质量产率降低11%，并使高位发热量大幅提升2.20 MJ/kg。与之相对，混合物组成与添加剂的添加对灰分含量与能量产率存在显著影响，且所有添加了添加剂的混合物其灰分含量均有所升高。原始生物质中较高的半纤维素与水提物含量，与更高的高位发热量呈正相关关系。