Odoardo Beccari’s Malesian herbarium in Florence: the disclosure of a hidden treasure. 2. Algae

Odoardo Beccari was one of the most important Italian naturalists in the second half of the nineteenth century, and a pioneer in Southeast Asia wildlife exploration. After a first contribution dealing with Zingiberales, here we provide the second one to the revision of his main scientific legacy, the Malesian Herbarium kept in Florence, dedicated to algae. After most of algae specimens was revised by the renowned Venetian phycologist Giovanni Zanardini, a new, accurate taxonomic analysis allowed the identification of 37 still unidentified specimens, 12 to the genus and 25 to the species level. The taxonomic diversity of the collection is relatively small in respect to the potential one known from the seas and the inland waters of the Indo-Malesian area. Nevertheless, it includes representatives of 107 taxa from seven phyla, 15 classes, 37 orders and 56 families. Sixty-four original specimens were found, for which 32 new names had been published. Together with the few found in other herbaria, this allowed us to designate 17 new lectotypes and complete the lectotypification of further 6 names. Finally, the loss of most specimens coming from Beccari’s travel in Papua and Maluku is discussed, as a likely result of contingent events around the Zanardini’s death and Beccari’s professional troubles in Florence.

奥多阿尔多·贝卡里是19世纪下半叶意大利最具影响力的博物学家之一，同时也是东南亚野生生物考察领域的先驱。在完成首项针对姜目（Zingiberales）的研究成果后，本文针对其核心科学遗产——藏于佛罗伦萨的马来亚植物标本馆（Malesian Herbarium）——推出第二篇修订研究，本次研究聚焦该馆藏中的藻类类群。此前威尼斯著名藻类学家乔瓦尼·扎纳尔迪尼（Giovanni Zanardini）已完成该馆藏中绝大多数藻类标本的修订工作，本次研究通过全新且严谨的分类学分析，鉴定出37份此前未被识别的标本：其中12份仅能确定其属级分类地位，剩余25份可确定至物种级。相较于印度-马来亚地区海域与内陆水域已记录的潜在类群多样性，本次馆藏的分类多样性相对有限，但该馆藏仍涵盖7个门、15个纲、37个目、56个科下的107个分类单元。本次研究共发现64份原始标本，其中已有32个新分类名称被正式发表。结合其他标本馆中留存的少量同类标本，研究团队据此指定了17份新的后选模式标本（lectotype），并完成了另外6个名称的后选模式指定工作。最后，本文探讨了贝卡里在巴布亚与马鲁古群岛考察采集的多数标本遗失的情况，推测该损失可能与扎纳尔迪尼去世前后的一系列偶然事件，以及贝卡里在佛罗伦萨遭遇的职业困境有关。