A study of relations between gender and careers anchors

Abstract The research analyzed the relationship between gender and career anchors of undergraduate students, using the survey method. The sample totaled 251 Engineering students and 251 Health Care students. To collect the data, we used questionnaires containing the Inventory Career Guidance of Schein (1990). The analysis techniques used were descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis. The results show that, in the Engineering area, female respondents valued more the lifestyle and safety anchors, whose attributes are socially associated with the female gender. In the area of Health Care, male respondents valued more autonomy and independency, pure challenge, and creativity anchors, whose attributes are associated with the male gender. We conclude that career choices are strongly associated with the values and attributes socially assigned to gender.

摘要 本研究采用调查法，探讨本科生性别与职业锚（career anchors）之间的关联。本次研究的有效样本共计251名工科学生与251名医护类专业学生。数据采集环节，研究团队使用了包含施恩（Schein, 1990）职业指导量表的调查问卷。本研究采用的分析方法包括描述性统计与探索性因子分析。研究结果表明：在工科领域中，女性受访者更看重生活方式锚与安全锚，这两类锚点的属性与社会赋予女性的性别特质相契合；而在医护类专业领域中，男性受访者更重视自主独立、纯粹挑战与创造力锚，其属性与社会赋予男性的性别特质相关联。本研究最终得出结论：职业选择与社会赋予性别的价值观念及特质存在显著关联。