DataSheet_1_High-Throughput Absolute Quantification Sequencing Revealed Osteoporosis-Related Gut Microbiota Alterations in Han Chinese Elderly.pdf

ObjectiveAccumulative evidence suggests that gut microbiota play an important role in bone remodeling and hence bone health maintenance. This study aimed to explore the association of gut microbiota with the risk of osteoporosis and to identify potential disease-related taxa, which may be promising targets in osteoporosis prevention and treatment in the future.
MethodsAbsolute quantification 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was used to detect absolute and relative abundances of gut microbiota in 44 patients with osteoporosis and 64 controls. In combination with one of our previous studies, a total of 175 samples were involved in the relative abundance analysis.
ResultsCompared with the controls, the patients with osteoporosis had higher absolute and relative abundances of Bacteroidetes phylum, and Bacteroides and Eisenbergiella genera. The absolute abundances of Clostridium_XlVa, Coprococcus, Lactobacillus, and Eggerthella genera increased, and that of the Veillonella genus decreased in the osteoporosis group. As for relative abundance, that of the Parabacteroides and Flavonifractor genera increased, whereas that of the Raoultella genus decreased in the osteoporosis group. Controlling for potential confounders, the associations of Clostridium_XlVa, Coprococcus, and Veillonella genera with the risk of osteoporosis did not maintain significance. Ridge regression analysis suggested that Bacteroides is associated with reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and T-score at lumbar spines, and Anaerovorax is associated with increased BMD at the femoral neck. Functional predictions revealed that 10 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were enriched in the osteoporosis group.
ConclusionsGut microbiota compositions may contribute to the risk of osteoporosis. Several specific taxa and functional pathways are identified to associate with reduced bone density, thus providing epidemiologic evidence for the potential role of aberrant gut microbiota in osteoporosis pathogenesis.

研究目的：越来越多的累积性证据表明，肠道菌群在骨骼重塑及骨骼健康维持过程中发挥着重要作用。本研究旨在探讨肠道菌群与骨质疏松症发病风险的关联，并筛选潜在的疾病相关菌群分类单元（taxa），这些单元未来或可成为骨质疏松症防治的潜在靶点。
研究方法：采用绝对定量16S核糖体RNA（16S ribosomal RNA）基因测序技术，对44名骨质疏松症患者与64名对照者的肠道菌群绝对丰度与相对丰度进行检测。结合本团队此前的一项研究，本次相对丰度分析共纳入175份样本。
研究结果：与对照组相比，骨质疏松症患者的拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes phylum）、拟杆菌属（Bacteroides）及埃森菌属（Eisenbergiella）的绝对丰度与相对丰度均显著升高。骨质疏松症组中，梭菌属XlVa群（Clostridium_XlVa）、粪球菌属（Coprococcus）、乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）以及埃格特菌属（Eggerthella）的绝对丰度有所上升，而韦荣球菌属（Veillonella）的绝对丰度则出现下降。就相对丰度而言，骨质疏松症组中副杆菌属（Parabacteroides）与黄褐孢杆菌属（Flavonifractor）的相对丰度升高，而劳特菌属（Raoultella）的相对丰度降低。在控制潜在混杂因素后，梭菌属XlVa群（Clostridium_XlVa）、粪球菌属（Coprococcus）与韦荣球菌属（Veillonella）与骨质疏松症发病风险的关联不再具有统计学显著性。岭回归分析显示，拟杆菌属（Bacteroides）与腰椎骨密度（bone mineral density, BMD）及腰椎T值降低相关，而厌氧杆菌属（Anaerovorax）与股骨颈骨密度升高相关。功能预测分析表明，骨质疏松症组中共富集到10条京都基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, KEGG）通路。
研究结论：肠道菌群组成或与骨质疏松症的发病风险相关。本研究鉴定出若干与骨密度降低相关的特定菌群分类单元（taxa）及功能通路，为肠道菌群失调在骨质疏松症发病机制中的潜在作用提供了流行病学证据。