HYD-RESPONSES: High-resolution daily catchment-level time series for relevant hydro-meteorological variables, (water) deficit accumulation and streamflow droughts for Switzerland

Data Description:

The HYD-RESPONSES dataset provides daily catchment-level time-series for key hydro-meteorological variables (including precipitation, snow water equivalent, temperature, soil moisture, evaporation and streamflow). The data set covers 184 small to large FOEN-catchments in Switzerland. The catchments range across a variety of streamflow regime types, mean altitudes, biogeographic regions and anthropogenic influences. The time series data was aggregated from high-resolution spatially gridded products provided by MeteoSwiss (RhiresD, TabsD, TmaxD, TminD, SrelD), MeteoSwiss and the WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research (SLF)  (SPASS), SLF (OSHD) and ECMWF (ERA5-LAND). Daily average streamflow measurement series were provided by the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN). Indicators related to snowfall, snowmelt and (potential) water balance were derived. The dataset further provides three standardized drought indices (SPI, SPEI, SMRI) for multiple aggregation-scales from 1 to 24 months (mostly in 3-monthly steps). Additional indicators of accumulated water deficits are provided by time series of cumulative deficits for both (potential) water balance and streamflow. For all variables and indices, the climatology and the (standardized) anomalies are available at various time scales (daily, monthly, seasonal, and yearly). Drought event time series are provided for both variable and fixed threshold definitions and are accompanied by characteristics on event duration. Detailed catchment descriptors were also extracted from various input products and are provided for all catchments.

Data Organization:

- Dataset provided as .zip-File- Data files are provided in .csv-Format (semi-colon separator)- The README.txt provides a detailed documentation of folders, data structure, variables and file-naming conventions.- Catchment outlets and outlines are provided as ESRI shapefiles (.shp)- Code examples are provided

Folder structure:

code_examplesdata├── 01_timeseries│   ├── 00_meta_information│   ├── 01_base_variables│   ├── 02_derived_variables│   ├── 03_anomalies│   │   └── zscores│   ├── 04_standardized_indices│   │   ├── SMRI│   │   ├── SPEI│   │   └── SPI│   ├── 05_cumulative_deficits│   └── 06_events_nrs│       ├── cumulative_deficits│       └── hydrological_events├── 02_climatology│   ├── 00_meta_information│   ├── 01_regular│   └── 02_DOY_movingwindow└── 03_descriptive

Further reading & methodological details:

Copernicus ESSD journal data paper [preprint]:von Matt, C., Stocker, B., and Martius, O.: HYD-RESPONSES: daily hydro-meteorological catchment-level time series to analyse HYDrological drought dynamics in RESPONSE to (cumulative) water deficits in Swiss catchments, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-383, in review, 2025. 

Code Examples (Tutorial):

A tutorial demonstrating the handling and use of the HYD-RESPONSES dataset can be found at:https://github.com/codicolus/HYD-RESPONSES

Funding:

The HYD-RESPONSES project was funded by the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN).

数据集描述
HYD-RESPONSES数据集提供了关键水文气象变量的流域尺度逐日时间序列数据，涵盖降水、雪水当量、气温、土壤湿度、蒸散发与河道径流。本数据集覆盖瑞士境内由瑞士联邦环境办公室（Federal Office for the Environment, FOEN）划定的184个中小型至大型流域，这些流域涵盖了多样的径流情势类型、平均海拔、生物地理区域以及人为活动影响特征。

数据集的时间序列数据由多套高分辨率空间格点产品聚合得到，数据来源包括瑞士气象局（MeteoSwiss）的RhiresD、TabsD、TmaxD、TminD、SrelD产品、瑞士雪与雪崩研究所（WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research, SLF）的SPASS与OSHD产品，以及欧洲中期天气预报中心（European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, ECMWF）的ERA5-LAND产品。逐日平均河道径流实测序列由瑞士联邦环境办公室（FOEN）提供。

研究人员推导得到了与降雪、融雪及（潜在）水量平衡相关的各类指标。本数据集还提供了3种标准化干旱指数：标准化降水指数（Standardized Precipitation Index, SPI）、标准化降水蒸散指数（Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, SPEI）以及标准化土壤湿度指数（Standardized Soil Moisture Index, SMRI），其时间聚合尺度覆盖1至24个月，多数以3个月为步长递增。此外，数据集还提供了基于（潜在）水量平衡与河道径流的累积亏缺时间序列，作为累计水分亏缺的补充指标。

针对所有变量与指数，数据集均提供了不同时间尺度（逐日、逐月、逐季与逐年）下的气候态数据与（标准化）距平值。数据集还提供了基于可变阈值与固定阈值定义的干旱事件时间序列，并附带了事件持续时长等特征信息。此外，研究人员从各类输入产品中提取了详细的流域属性描述信息，并为所有流域提供了该类数据。

数据集组织结构
数据集以.zip压缩包形式提供，其中数据文件采用.csv格式（分号作为分隔符）。README.txt文件详细说明了文件夹结构、数据组织形式、变量含义与文件命名规范。流域出口与流域轮廓以ESRI形状文件（.shp）格式提供。此外还附带了代码示例。

文件夹结构

data
├── 01_timeseries
│ ├── 00_meta_information
│ ├── 01_base_variables
│ ├── 02_derived_variables
│ ├── 03_anomalies
│ │ └── zscores
│ ├── 04_standardized_indices
│ │ ├── SMRI
│ │ ├── SPEI
│ │ └── SPI
│ ├── 05_cumulative_deficits
│ └── 06_events_nrs
│ ├── cumulative_deficits
│ └── hydrological_events
├── 02_climatology
│ ├── 00_meta_information
│ ├── 01_regular
│ └── 02_DOY_movingwindow
└── 03_descriptive

延伸阅读与方法学细节
《地球系统科学数据讨论》（Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss.，预印本）期刊的相关数据论文：von Matt, C., Stocker, B., Martius, O.：HYD-RESPONSES：用于分析瑞士流域（累积）水分亏缺响应水文干旱动态的流域逐日水文气象时间序列数据集，Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. [预印本]，https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-383，2025年，待刊。

代码示例（教程）
用于演示HYD-RESPONSES数据集操作与使用方法的教程可通过以下链接获取：https://github.com/codicolus/HYD-RESPONSES

资助信息
HYD-RESPONSES项目由瑞士联邦环境办公室（FOEN）资助。