Three-dimensional point measurements of basic water-quality parameters in Lake Michigan at 63rd Street Beach near Chicago, Illinois (September 22, 2016)

These data were collected as part of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) project template 678-1 entitled "Evaluate immediate and long-term BMP effectiveness of GLRI restoration efforts at urban beaches on Southern and Western Lake Michigan". This project is evaluating the effectiveness of projects that are closely associated with restoration of local habitat and contact recreational activities at two GLRI funded sites in Southern Lake Michigan and one non-GLRI site in Western Lake Michigan. Evaluation of GLRI projects will assess whether goals of recipients are on track and identify any developing unforeseen consequences. Including a third, non-GLRI project site in the evaluation allows comparison between restoration efforts in GLRI and non-GLRI funded projects. Projections and potential complications associated with climate change impacts on restoration resiliency are also being assessed. Two of the three sites to receive evaluation represent some of the most highly contaminated beaches in the United States and include restoration BMPs which could benefit urban beaches and nearshore areas throughout the Great Lakes. The urban beaches chosen for evaluation are at various stages of the restoration process and located in Indiana (Jeorse Park Beach), Illinois (63rd Street Beach), and Wisconsin (North Beach). Evaluation of effectiveness of restoration efforts and resiliency to climate change at urban beaches will provide vital information on the success of restoration efforts and identify potential pitfalls that will help maximize success of future GLRI beach and nearshore restoration projects. Data used for evaluation include continuous monitoring and synoptic mapping of nearshore currents, bathymetry, and water quality to examine nearshore transport under a variety of conditions. In addition, biological evaluations rely upon daily indicator bacteria monitoring, microbial community and shorebird surveys, recreational usage, and other ancillary water quality data. The pre- and post-restoration datasets comprised of these physical, chemical, biological, geological, and social data will allow restoration success to be evaluated using a science-based approach with quantifiable measures of progress. These data will also allow the evaluation of the resiliency of these restoration efforts under various climate change scenarios using existing climate change predictions and models. This data release is comprised of three-dimensional point measurements of basic water-quality parameters in coastal Lake Michigan at 63rd Street Beach near Chicago, Illinois, on September 22, 2016. Water-quality parameters include temperature, specific conductance, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total chlorophyll, and phycocyanin concentration. These data were collected using a YSI EcoMapper autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) equipped with a YSI 6600 V2-4 bulkhead housing a YSI 6560FR fast response temperature/conductivity probe, YSI 6589FR fast response pH sensor, YSI 6150 ROX optical dissolved oxygen sensor, YSI 6136 turbidity sensor, YSI 6025 chlorophyll sensor, and YSI 6131 BGA-PC phycocyanin (blue-green algae) sensor. All parameters were sampled at 1-second intervals as the AUV completed the pre-programmed survey pattern of the nearshore zone. The AUV was programmed to continually undulate between the water surface and 4 feet above the bottom (dive angle of 15 degrees) as it moved at 2 knots between programmed waypoints along it survey mission path. The resulting dataset allows for analysis of the three-dimensional distributions of water-quality parameters in Lake Michigan at 63rd Street Beach.

本数据集采集自五大湖恢复倡议（Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, GLRI）项目模板678-1，项目题为‘评估密歇根湖南部与西部城市海滩的GLRI修复工程的即时与长期最佳管理实践（Best Management Practice, BMP）成效’。本项目正对密歇根湖南部两处获GLRI资助的修复场地，以及密歇根湖西部一处非GLRI资助场地的本地栖息地恢复与接触类休闲活动相关工程的成效进行评估。对GLRI项目的评估将核查受资助方的目标是否按计划推进，并识别潜在的未预见后果。纳入第三处非GLRI项目场地，可实现GLRI与非GLRI资助修复工程的效果对比。此外，本研究还将评估气候变化对修复工程韧性的影响及相关潜在并发症。三处评估场地中有两处属于美国污染最为严重的海滩之一，其修复所用BMP有望惠及五大湖区域的所有城市海滩及近岸区域。本次评估选定的城市海滩分别位于印第安纳州（Jeorse Park Beach）、伊利诺伊州（63rd Street Beach）以及威斯康星州（North Beach），且处于修复流程的不同阶段。对城市海滩修复工程成效及气候变化韧性的评估，将为修复工程的成功与否提供关键信息，并识别潜在隐患，助力未来GLRI海滩及近岸修复项目最大化提升成功率。用于评估的数据包括近岸流、水深地形与水质的连续监测及同步测绘，用于分析多种环境条件下的近岸输运过程。此外，生物学评估依托每日的指示菌监测、微生物群落与滨鸟调查、休闲使用情况及其他辅助水质数据。由这些物理、化学、生物、地质与社会数据构成的修复前与修复后数据集，可采用基于科学的量化进展评估方法，对修复成效进行评价。本数据集还可依托现有气候变化预测与模型，评估不同气候变化情景下修复工程的韧性。本次发布的数据为2016年9月22日于伊利诺伊州芝加哥附近的63rd Street Beach采集的密歇根湖沿岸海域基础水质参数三维点测数据。水质参数包括温度、比电导率、pH、溶解氧、浊度、总叶绿素及藻蓝蛋白浓度。本次数据采集使用搭载YSI 6600 V2-4舱体的YSI EcoMapper自主水下航行器（Autonomous Underwater Vehicle, AUV），该舱体集成了YSI 6560FR快速响应温度/电导率探头、YSI 6589FR快速响应pH传感器、YSI 6150 ROX光学溶解氧传感器、YSI 6136浊度传感器、YSI 6025叶绿素传感器及YSI 6131 BGA-PC藻蓝蛋白（蓝藻）传感器。当AUV以2节的速度沿预设航点完成近岸区域的预编程勘测路径时，所有参数以1秒的间隔进行采样。AUV在沿勘测路径航行期间，会在水面与水底上方4英尺之间持续起伏（下潜角度为15度）。最终生成的数据集可用于分析密歇根湖63rd Street Beach区域水质参数的三维分布特征。