Pressure and angle of the seed-fertilizer drill press wheel on corn emergence

ABSTRACT In precision seed-fertilizer drills, the soil compaction mechanism is responsible for closing the furrow, pressing the soil over the seed. Among the available models, the most used is the V-type wheel system, with several options to regulate the wheel opening angle and pressure exerted on the soil. This study was carried out in the experimental area of the Federal University of Fronteira Sul - Campus Cerro Largo, in an clayey Red Latosol. Parameters related to corn emergence and the seedbed characteristics were evaluated at different regulations of opening angle and pressure of the compaction mechanism. The results indicate that mechanism regulations had no influence on emergence speed, emergence speed index and population of corn plants, under the studied conditions. However, the treatment with highest load and parallel alignment of the wheels caused lower values of elevated area and swelling. Treatments with 15° opening angle caused accumulation of soil in the center of the row, affecting the elevation height.

摘要 在精密播种施肥机（precision seed-fertilizer drills）中，土壤压实机构（soil compaction mechanism）负责闭合种沟并将种子上方的土壤压实。现有机型中应用最广泛的为V型轮系统（V-type wheel system），该系统具备多种调节选项，可调整轮体张开角度与施加于土壤的压力。本研究在南边境联邦大学塞罗拉戈校区（Federal University of Fronteira Sul - Campus Cerro Largo）的试验田开展，供试土壤为黏质砖红壤（clayey Red Latosol）。研究针对压实机构不同的张开角度与压力调节参数，评估了玉米出苗相关指标及苗床特性。结果表明，在本次试验条件下，压实机构的调节参数对玉米出苗速率、出苗速率指数及植株群体密度均无显著影响。但当施加最高载荷且轮体呈平行对齐状态时，该处理组的地面凸起面积与土壤膨胀量均较低。当张开角度设置为15°时，处理组会出现垄道中心土壤堆积的情况，进而影响垄面凸起高度。