The biological activity of ZnO nanoparticles.

It is thought to be risk-free, environmentally benign, and safe for biological processes to produce zinc oxide nanoparticles from renewable resources. This study examined Cassia javanica’s ability to create ZnONPs. The generated ZnONPs were analyzed using a variety of techniques, such as TEM, FTIR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and XRD analysis. The antibacterial potential of ZnONPs has been investigated using both Agar well diffusion and microtitreplate (MTP) methods. One method used to evaluate ZnONPs’ capacity to scavenge free radicals at different concentrations was the DPPH method. The permanent zinc oxide (ZnO) shape and the naturally occurring crystal structure of ZnONPs were validated by the XRD data. ZnONPs showed antibacterial activity with MICs of 31.7 μg/mL toward Bacillus subtilis, 62.5 μg/mL for Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli while Clostridium sporogenes and Bacillus pumilus was 125μg/mL. Furthermore, ZnONPs demonstrated a range of antibiofilm activities toward Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). ZnONPs showed an intriguing antioxidant capacity, achieving IC50 of 109.3 μg/ml μg/mL. Additionally, ZnONPs demonstrated low toxic effect on Vero cell with IC50 154.01 μg/mL as well as possible anticancer action when applied to the carcinoma cell lines HepG2 with IC50 of 47.48 μg/mL. Furthermore, ZnONPs at 62.5 μg/mL had a promising antiviral impact against HSV1 and COX B4, with antiviral activities of 75.4% and 65.8%, respectively.

利用可再生资源制备氧化锌纳米颗粒（Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, ZnONPs），被认为无风险、环境友好且对生物过程安全。本研究探究了爪哇决明（Cassia javanica）合成ZnONPs的能力。所制备的ZnONPs采用多种技术进行表征，包括透射电子显微镜（Transmission Electron Microscopy, TEM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, FTIR）、紫外-可见分光光度法（Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy, UV-Vis）以及X射线衍射（X-ray Diffraction, XRD）分析。本研究采用琼脂孔穴扩散法与微孔板（microtitreplate, MTP）法，探究了ZnONPs的抗菌活性；采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH）法，评估了不同浓度下ZnONPs清除自由基的能力。XRD数据证实了所制备ZnONPs的氧化锌（Zinc Oxide, ZnO）固有形貌与天然晶体结构。ZnONPs对不同菌株展现出抗菌活性：对枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）的最低抑菌浓度（Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, MIC）为31.7 μg/mL，对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（Salmonella typhimurium）与大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）的MIC均为62.5 μg/mL，对生孢梭菌（Clostridium sporogenes）与短小芽孢杆菌（Bacillus pumilus）的MIC则为125 μg/mL。此外，ZnONPs对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA）展现出一定的抗生物膜活性。ZnONPs展现出优异的抗氧化能力，半数抑制浓度（Half Maximal Inhibitory Concentration, IC50）为109.3 μg/mL。此外，ZnONPs对非洲绿猴肾细胞（Vero cell）的毒性较低，其IC50为154.01 μg/mL；同时对人肝癌细胞系HepG2展现出潜在的抗癌活性，IC50为47.48 μg/mL。此外，浓度为62.5 μg/mL的ZnONPs对单纯疱疹病毒1型（Herpes Simplex Virus 1, HSV-1）与柯萨奇病毒B4（Coxsackievirus B4, CVB4）展现出良好的抗病毒活性，抑制率分别为75.4%与65.8%。