Olivine core and rim electron microprobe analyses for the September 2023 Halema‘uma‘u eruption of Kīlauea, Island of Hawai‘i

The September 2023 Halema‘uma‘u eruption began on September 10 and ended on September 16 (~1 week; Mulliken et al. 2024). Field crews from the U.S. Geological Survey’s Hawaiian Volcano Observatory collected tephra samples from fissures that had opened up on an area of the caldera floor east of Halema‘uma‘u crater (see Lynn et al. 2024 for map). Air quenched spatter and tephra samples were collected from eight of the fissures that were accessible from the down-dropped block of the old caldera floor to the northeast of the active lake surface. Samples were collected from within a publicly closed area of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park in cooperation with the National Park Service. This data release provides olivine core and rim spot analyses from electron microprobe analytical work. The analyses were done on olivine crystals 0.5-2.0 mm in size picked from tephra samples (see Lynn et al. 2024 for additional sample and compositional information).

Lynn, K.J., Downs, D.T., Chang, J.M., Lundblad, S.P., Mills, P.R., McDade, B., Gansecki, C.A., Schmith, J., Decker, M.F.I., Zoeller, M.H., Deligne, N.I., Trusdell, F.A., Carr, B.B., Patrick, M.P., Parcheta, C., Nalesnik, A., Dietterich, H., Hazlett, R., Johnson, P.A., Gallant, E., Mulliken, K., Nadeau, P., Cappos, M., DeSmither, L., Peek, S., Damby, D., Dotray, P., van Helden, K., Shea, T., Hammer, J.E., Mourey, A., Loewen, M. (2024) Sample details and compositional data collected during the 2020-2023 Halema‘uma‘u eruptions of Kīlauea volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi. U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P1XFKKYH

Mulliken, K.M., Kauahikaua, J.P., Swanson, D.A., Zoeller, M.H. (2024) Chronology of recent volcanic activity on the Island of Hawai‘i, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9V3NQYB.

2023年9月哈雷阿卡拉玛乌（Halema‘uma‘u）火山喷发始于9月10日，结束于9月16日（持续约一周；Mulliken等，2024）。美国地质调查局（U.S. Geological Survey）夏威夷火山观测站的野外作业团队，从哈雷阿卡拉玛乌火山口东侧破火山口底板区域的裂隙中采集了火山碎屑（tephra）样本（相关地图详见Lynn等，2024）。研究团队从位于活跃湖体东北侧的旧破火山口底板陷落块体可抵达的8条裂隙中，采集了空气淬火飞溅物与火山碎屑样本。本次采样工作在与国家公园管理局（National Park Service）协作下，于夏威夷火山国家公园（Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park）的公共封闭区域内完成。

本数据集发布提供了通过电子探针微区分析得到的橄榄石（olivine）晶核与晶缘点位分析数据。分析对象为粒径0.5~2.0 mm的橄榄石晶体，采自前述火山碎屑样本（更多样本与成分信息详见Lynn等，2024）。

Lynn, K.J., Downs, D.T., Chang, J.M., Lundblad, S.P., Mills, P.R., McDade, B., Gansecki, C.A., Schmith, J., Decker, M.F.I., Zoeller, M.H., Deligne, N.I., Trusdell, F.A., Carr, B.B., Patrick, M.P., Parcheta, C., Nalesnik, A., Dietterich, H., Hazlett, R., Johnson, P.A., Gallant, E., Mulliken, K., Nadeau, P., Cappos, M., DeSmither, L., Peek, S., Damby, D., Dotray, P., van Helden, K., Shea, T., Hammer, J.E., Mourey, A., Loewen, M. (2024) 夏威夷岛基拉韦厄（Kīlauea）火山2020-2023年哈雷阿卡拉玛乌喷发期间采集的样本细节与成分数据. 美国地质调查局数据发布, https://doi.org/10.5066/P1XFKKYH

Mulliken, K.M., Kauahikaua, J.P., Swanson, D.A., Zoeller, M.H. (2024) 夏威夷岛近期火山活动年表. 美国地质调查局数据发布, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9V3NQYB