NOAA-GFDL GFDL-ESM4 model output prepared for CMIP6 RFMIP piClim-ghg

Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) datasets: These data include all datasets published for 'CMIP6.RFMIP.NOAA-GFDL.GFDL-ESM4.piClim-ghg' with the full Data Reference Syntax following the template 'mip_era.activity_id.institution_id.source_id.experiment_id.member_id.table_id.variable_id.grid_label.version'.

The GFDL-ESM4 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components:
aerosol: interactive, atmos: GFDL-AM4.1 (Cubed-sphere (c96) - 1 degree nominal horizontal resolution; 360 x 180 longitude/latitude; 49 levels; top level 1 Pa), atmosChem: GFDL-ATMCHEM4.1 (full atmospheric chemistry), land: GFDL-LM4.1, landIce: GFDL-LM4.1, ocean: GFDL-OM4p5 (GFDL-MOM6, tripolar - nominal 0.5 deg; 720 x 576 longitude/latitude; 75 levels; top grid cell 0-2 m), ocnBgchem: GFDL-COBALTv2, seaIce: GFDL-SIM4p5 (GFDL-SIS2.0, tripolar - nominal 0.5 deg; 720 x 576 longitude/latitude; 5 layers; 5 thickness categories).
The model was run by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA (NOAA-GFDL) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 100 km, atmos: 100 km, atmosChem: 100 km, land: 100 km, landIce: 100 km, ocean: 50 km, ocnBgchem: 50 km, seaIce: 50 km.

Project: These data have been generated as part of the internationally-coordinated Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6; see also GMD Special Issue: http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/special_issue590.html). The simulation data provides a basis for climate research designed to answer fundamental science questions and serves as resource for authors of the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC-AR6).

CMIP6 is a project coordinated by the Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM) as part of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). Phase 6 builds on previous phases executed under the leadership of the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) and relies on the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF) and the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) along with numerous related activities for implementation. The original data is hosted and partially replicated on a federated collection of data nodes, and most of the data relied on by the IPCC is being archived for long-term preservation at the IPCC Data Distribution Centre (IPCC DDC) hosted by the German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ).

The project includes simulations from about 120 global climate models and around 45 institutions and organizations worldwide. - Project website: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/CMIP6.

耦合模型比对项目第六阶段（Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6，CMIP6）数据集：本数据集包含所有发布于'CMIP6.RFMIP.NOAA-GFDL.GFDL-ESM4.piClim-ghg'的数据集，其数据参考语法完全遵循模板`mip_era.activity_id.institution_id.source_id.experiment_id.member_id.table_id.variable_id.grid_label.version`。

GFDL-ESM4气候模式于2018年发布，包含以下组成模块：气溶胶模块：交互式模拟；大气模块：GFDL-AM4.1（立方体球面网格（c96），名义水平分辨率1度；经纬度网格尺寸为360×180；共49层；顶层气压为1帕）；大气化学模块：GFDL-ATMCHEM4.1（完整大气化学过程）；陆面模块：GFDL-LM4.1；陆冰模块：GFDL-LM4.1；海洋模块：GFDL-OM4p5（基于GFDL-MOM6，三极网格，名义分辨率0.5度；经纬度网格尺寸为720×576；共75层；顶层网格单元水深范围0-2米）；海洋生物地球化学模块：GFDL-COBALTv2；海冰模块：GFDL-SIM4p5（基于GFDL-SIS2.0，三极网格，名义分辨率0.5度；经纬度网格尺寸为720×576；共5层，分为5个厚度类别）。

该模式由美国新泽西州普林斯顿市08540的美国国家海洋和大气管理局地球物理流体动力学实验室（National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory，NOAA-GFDL）以原生名义分辨率运行：气溶胶模块分辨率100公里，大气模块100公里，大气化学模块100公里，陆面模块100公里，陆冰模块100公里，海洋模块50公里，海洋生物地球化学模块50公里，海冰模块50公里。

本数据集作为国际协同推进的耦合模型比对项目第六阶段（CMIP6；详见《地球科学模型开发》特刊：http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/special_issue590.html）的产出成果生成。这套模拟数据为解答基础科学问题的气候研究提供了支撑，同时可为政府间气候变化专门委员会第六次评估报告（IPCC-AR6）的撰稿人提供数据资源。

CMIP6由耦合建模工作组（Working Group on Coupled Modelling, WGCM）作为世界气候研究计划（World Climate Research Programme, WCRP）的一部分协调推进。第六阶段延续了此前在气候模型诊断与比对计划（Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison, PCMDI）主导下完成的前几阶段工作，并依托地球系统网格联盟（Earth System Grid Federation, ESGF）与环境数据分析中心（Centre for Environmental Data Analysis, CEDA）及众多相关活动完成落地。原始数据存储于分布式数据节点集群并进行部分复制，IPCC所依赖的多数数据将由德国气候计算中心（German Climate Computing Center, DKRZ）托管的IPCC数据分发中心（IPCC DDC）进行长期归档保存。

该项目汇集了全球约120个全球气候模式与约45个科研机构及组织的模拟成果。——项目官网：https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/CMIP6。