Effects of chalcones and flavones on BMP signaling.

(SJ) St Jude Children's Research Hospital; (DR) dose response; WB: Immunoblotting detecting activation of BMP signaling, phosphorylation of Smad1, 5, and expression of Id1 and Id2 in a dose-dependent manner; (+): significantly different from DMSO; (­): no significant difference from DMSO control (as calculated with student's t-test). Fold induction was calculated using Image J software. Phenotype of wild type zebrafish embryos was analyzed after treatment with compounds from 2 hpf until 30 hpf.(SJ) 圣犹大儿童研究医院（St Jude Children's Research Hospital）；(DR) 剂量反应（dose response）；WB即免疫印迹（Immunoblotting），用于检测BMP信号通路激活、Smad1与Smad5的磷酸化水平以及Id1、Id2的表达情况，结果呈剂量依赖性；(+)：与二甲基亚砜（DMSO）对照组存在显著差异；(-)：与DMSO对照组无显著差异（统计分析采用学生t检验）。诱导倍数（Fold induction）通过Image J软件计算得到。野生型斑马鱼胚胎的表型分析在化合物处理后完成，处理时段为受精后2小时（2 hpf）至受精后30小时（30 hpf）。