Table 1_Prevalence of wasting, overweight and obesity among children under 5 years in 10 cities of Jiangsu Province: a multi-center cross-sectional study.docx

ObjectiveTo understand the current epidemiological status and influencing factors of wasting, overweight and obesity among children under 5 years old in Jiangsu Province, thereby providing a scientific basis for developing early strategies.
MethodsA multi-center, stratified cluster random sampling approach was employed to investigate birth status, season variation, regional differences and other relevant factors among children under 5 years in Jiangsu Province from April 2014 to March 2015.
ResultsA total of 5,289 children were initially enrolled in this study. After applying strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, 4,420 children were included in the statistical analysis (2,303 boys and 2,117 girls). The prevalence of wasting, risk of overweight, overweight and obesity were 1.403, 17.583, 4.594, and 1.426%, respectively. Firstly, the prevalence of wasting was relatively higher in children in rural areas, aged 24–35 months, born via spontaneous delivery, with a birth weight <2,500 g, and investigated in summer and central Jiangsu areas, with prevalence rates of 1.776, 2.009, 1.692, 1.923, 2.070 and 2.760%, respectively. All cities in Jiangsu Province except Nanjing were associated with wasting. Secondly, the prevalence of risk of overweight was higher among boys, infants aged 0–11 months, preterm infant, born with birth weight ≥4,000 g, investigated in winter, with prevalence rates of 19.236, 24.583, 21.304, 23.029 and 24.481%, respectively. And boys, all age groups except 48–59 months, birth weight ≥4,000 g, investigated in spring and winter were factors associated with risk of overweight. Thirdly, the prevalence of overweight was higher among boys, infants aged 0–11 months, birth weight ≥4,000 g, investigated in winter, with prevalence of 5.471, 7.292, 7.884, and 8.605%, respectively. And boys, 0–11 months, birth weight ≥4,000 g, investigated in spring and winter were factors associated with overweight. Finally, the prevalence of overweight among children with boys, 36–47 months, birth weight ≥4,000 g, investigated in winter, and southern of Jiangsu Province were 1.824, 2.039, 2.075, 2.533 and 1.727%, respectively. And boys were factors associated with obesity.\.
ConclusionThe historical prevalence of wasting, overweight and obesity among children under 5 years in Jiangsu Province remain at a low level.

研究目的：为明确江苏省5岁以下儿童消瘦（wasting）、超重（overweight）与肥胖（obesity）的当前流行现状及影响因素，为制定早期干预策略提供科学依据。
研究方法：本研究采用多中心分层整群随机抽样方法，于2014年4月至2015年3月期间，对江苏省内5岁以下儿童的出生状况、季节差异、地域差异及其他相关影响因素开展调查。
研究结果：本研究初始共纳入5289名儿童，经严格的纳入排除标准筛选后，最终纳入4420名儿童进行统计分析，其中男童2303名，女童2117名。研究对象的消瘦、超重风险、超重及肥胖患病率分别为1.403%、17.583%、4.594%及1.426%。其一，消瘦患病率较高的亚组为：农村地区儿童、24~35月龄儿童、自然分娩儿童、出生体重<2500g儿童，以及夏季、江苏省苏中地区的调查对象，其患病率分别为1.776%、2.009%、1.692%、1.923%、2.070%及2.760%；除南京市外，江苏省其余各市的儿童均与消瘦存在关联。其二，超重风险较高的亚组为男童、0~11月龄婴儿、早产儿童、出生体重≥4000g儿童，以及冬季调查对象，其患病率分别为19.236%、24.583%、21.304%、23.029%及24.481%；男童、除48~59月龄外的各年龄组儿童、出生体重≥4000g儿童，以及春季、冬季的调查对象均为超重风险的关联因素。其三，超重患病率较高的亚组为男童、0~11月龄婴儿、出生体重≥4000g儿童，以及冬季调查对象，其患病率分别为5.471%、7.292%、7.884%及8.605%；男童、0~11月龄儿童、出生体重≥4000g儿童，以及春季、冬季的调查对象均与超重存在关联。其四，肥胖患病率较高的亚组为男童、36~47月龄儿童、出生体重≥4000g儿童、冬季调查对象，以及江苏省苏南地区儿童，其患病率分别为1.824%、2.039%、2.075%、2.533%及1.727%；男童为肥胖的关联影响因素。
研究结论：江苏省5岁以下儿童的消瘦、超重及肥胖患病率仍处于较低水平。