Forming a “School of Champions”: Sport, morality, pedagogy and Peronist aesthetics

ABSTRACT “Escuela de Campeones” it’s an Argentine film directed by Ralph Pappier released at the end of 1950, bases its argument on the story of a historical fact: the difficulties experienced by those who wanted to incorporate sports as pedagogical tool. Focused on the life of the Scottish Alejandro Watson Hutton, the film shows his vicissitudes as a school teacher since he arrives to Buenos Aires in 1885, especially on his attempt to teach through modern and renewed didactical methods to an elite and conservative Buenos Aires English High School. In this work it is analyzed “Escuela de Campeones” from three axes: a) the education that proposes, which combines a view of schooling that includes some renovation of pedagogy, with a “modern” educational objective that transcends the walls of schools, b) the postulation of sports as pedagogical resources to transmit moral, civic and social senses, and c) the putting into image of a Peronist aesthetic, which includes from cinematographic resources to particular readings of the present and the past. In short, “Escuela de Campeones” is a work of mass dissemination in which it is possible to read discourses on education that were dominant during the Peronist decade between 1946 and 1955, as well as a particular point of view of what happened about the senses of the schooling in Argentina since the end of the 19th century.

摘要：《Escuela de Campeones》是拉尔夫·帕皮尔（Ralph Pappier）执导的阿根廷电影，于1950年末上映，其叙事基于一段历史史实：那些试图将体育作为教育教学工具的人所遭遇的重重困境。影片聚焦苏格兰裔教育家亚历杭德罗·沃森·赫顿（Alejandro Watson Hutton）的生平，讲述他1885年抵达布宜诺斯艾利斯后的教师生涯，尤其是他尝试以现代化、革新的教学方法，向保守精英群体主导的布宜诺斯艾利斯英语高级中学（Buenos Aires English High School）推行教育改革的坎坷历程。本研究从三个维度对《Escuela de Campeones》展开解析：a) 其所倡导的教育理念——将包含教育革新视野的学校教育观，与超越校园围墙的“现代”教育目标相结合；b) 将体育作为传递道德、公民与社会价值观的教育资源的核心主张；c) 庇隆主义（Peronist）美学的影像呈现，涵盖从电影创作手法到对当下与过往的特定解读路径。简言之，《Escuela de Campeones》是一部兼具大众传播属性的作品，从中既可以解读出1946至1955年庇隆主义十年间占据主流地位的教育话语体系，也能窥见自19世纪末以来阿根廷学校教育价值观演变的特定视角。