Table_3_Short-term safety and immunogenicity of inactivated and peptide-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with endocrine-related cancer.docx

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to explore the short-term safety and immunogenicity of inactivated and peptide-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with endocrine-related cancer (ER).
MethodsEighty-eight patients with ER cancer and 82 healthy controls who had completed a full course of inactivated or peptide-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were recruited. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded. Responses to receptor-binding domain IgG antibody (anti-RBD-IgG), neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and RBD+ memory B cells (MBCs) were evaluated.
ResultsApproximately 26.14% (23/88) of patients with ER cancer reported AEs within 7 days, which was comparable to that reported by healthy controls (24.39%, 20/82). Both the overall seroprevalence of anti-RBD-IgG and NAbs was obviously lower in the cancer group (70.45% vs. 86.59%, P < 0.05; 69.32% vs. 82.93%, P < 0.05, respectively). Anti-RBD-IgG and NAbs titers exhibited similar results, and dropped gradually over time. Patients with ongoing treatment had an attenuated immune response, especially in patients receiving active chemotherapy. The frequency of overall RBD+ MBCs was similar between the two groups, but the percentage of active MBCs was remarkably reduced in patients with ER cancer. Unlike antibody titers, MBCs responses were relatively constant over time.
ConclusionInactivated and peptide-based COVID-19 vaccines were well tolerated, but with lower immunogenicity for ER cancer patients. More intensive antibody monitoring and timely booster immunization is recommended for patients with ER cancer presenting disordered subpopulations of RBD+ MBCs.

研究背景：本研究旨在探索灭活及肽基严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）疫苗在内分泌相关癌症（ER）患者中的短期安全性与免疫原性。
研究方法：本研究纳入88例内分泌相关癌症患者与82名健康对照者，所有受试者均已完成完整剂次的灭活或肽基严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）疫苗接种。研究记录了不良事件（AEs），并评估了受试者针对受体结合域IgG抗体（anti-RBD-IgG）、中和抗体（NAbs）以及RBD阳性记忆B细胞（MBCs）的免疫应答情况。
研究结果：约26.14%（23/88）的内分泌相关癌症患者在接种后7天内报告了不良事件，该比例与健康对照者（24.39%，20/82）相当。癌症组受试者的抗受体结合域IgG抗体与中和抗体总体血清阳性率均显著低于健康对照组（分别为70.45% vs. 86.59%，P<0.05；69.32% vs. 82.93%，P<0.05）。抗受体结合域IgG抗体滴度与中和抗体滴度呈现相似趋势，且随时间推移逐渐下降。接受持续治疗的癌症患者免疫应答较弱，尤其是接受活动性化疗的患者。两组受试者总体RBD阳性记忆B细胞频率相近，但内分泌相关癌症患者的活化记忆B细胞占比显著降低。与抗体滴度不同，记忆B细胞应答随时间推移相对稳定。
研究结论：灭活及肽基新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫苗在内分泌相关癌症患者中耐受性良好，但免疫原性较低。对于RBD阳性记忆B细胞亚群紊乱的内分泌相关癌症患者，建议加强抗体监测并及时进行加强免疫接种。