Divergent pattern between phenotypic and genetic variation in Scots pine - 935 genotyped from 24 populations of Pinus sylvestris across Northern Europe

In this study, we sampled 54 Scots pine populations from the Norwegian coast over the Arctic Circle to western Russia covering 47.3 longitudes or more than 1/8th of the earth’s circumference, which represents the most comprehensive coverage of Northern Europe to date. We inferred variation in autumn phenology and dormancy progression from freeze hardiness tests conducted on >5000 seedlings, of which >900 seedlings from 24 populations were genotyped using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). Our main goal was to evaluate adaptive responses in Scots pine at phenotype and genotype levels. Evaluation of cold hardiness along environmental and geographical gradients would contribute to an understanding of the performance of these gradients for predicting freeze damage levels. The genotype data allow evaluation of genetic variance across landscapes and thus shed light on the degree of genetic-environmental association and the recolonization history of Scots pine in Scandinavia.

SNP data of Pinus sylvestris from geneotyping-by-sequencing, Sequenced by Illumina HiSeq X. Text file as gzipped vcf (.vcf.gz). See "pheno_pop.txt" for information on each individual.

本研究中，我们从北极圈以北的挪威海岸至俄罗斯西部采集了54个欧洲赤松（Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris）种群，采样跨度达47.3个经度，超过地球周长的1/8，是目前为止对北欧地区覆盖最为全面的采样工作。我们通过对5000余株实生苗开展抗冻性试验，推导得到其秋季物候与休眠进程的变异特征；其中针对来自24个种群的900余株实生苗，采用基于测序的基因分型技术（genotyping-by-sequencing, GBS）完成了基因分型。本研究的核心目标是从表型与基因型层面评估欧洲赤松的适应性响应。沿环境与地理梯度开展抗冻性评价，将有助于阐明此类梯度的作用规律，进而为冻害程度预测提供理论支撑。本次获取的基因型数据可用于评估不同景观尺度下的遗传变异，从而揭示遗传-环境关联程度以及欧洲赤松在斯堪的纳维亚半岛的重新定殖历史。本研究获取的欧洲赤松单核苷酸多态性（Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, SNP）数据通过基于测序的基因分型技术获得，采用Illumina HiSeq X平台完成测序。数据以压缩格式存储为VCF文件（.vcf.gz）。所有个体的详细信息可查阅"pheno_pop.txt"文件。