Replication Data for: Presenting the Governmental Incompatibilities Data Project (GIDP) 2.0

This research note introduces a new dataset—the Governmental Incompatibilities Data Project (GIDP) 2.0—which identifies the presence of incompatibilities over governments for all countries in the world from 1960 to 2020. Incompatibilities over government involve organizations making maximalist claims related to the legitimacy of elections, the composition of the national government, or regime change. GIDP 2.0 includes information about which of these claims is present in each incompatibility year. These data can facilitate analyses of the onset, dynamics, and outcomes of both civil war and nonviolent campaigns, improve our ability to predict their occurrence, and allow for analysis of whether international efforts to prevent violent conflicts over government are effective. We present a series of descriptive analyses showing that governmental incompatibilities are common but not ubiquitous, and occur across time periods, and within and across regime types. These descriptive analyses further show interesting variation among the types of claims articulated in democracies, autocracies, and anocracies and across different types of autocratic institutions. A brief two-stage analysis shows that some factors commonly included in studies of armed conflict and nonviolent campaign onset have different effects on the emergence of governmental incompatibilities and on whether these incompatibilities escalate to mass mobilization.

本研究简报介绍了一款全新数据集——政府合法性冲突数据集项目（Governmental Incompatibilities Data Project，GIDP）2.0版，该数据集覆盖1960年至2020年全球所有国家的政府合法性冲突存在情况。所谓政府合法性冲突，即相关组织就选举合法性、国家政府组成或政权更迭提出极端主张的情形。GIDP 2.0收录了各冲突年份中具体涉及上述哪一类主张的相关信息。本数据集可为内战与非暴力运动的爆发、演变及结局分析提供支撑，提升相关事件发生概率的预测能力，同时可用于评估国际社会防范政府性暴力冲突的举措是否有效。本研究通过一系列描述性分析表明，政府合法性冲突虽普遍存在却并非无处不在，其分布覆盖不同历史时期，且在各类政权体制内部及跨体制间均有发生。上述描述性分析还揭示出，民主政体、威权政体及半威权政体（anocracy）所提出的主张类型存在显著差异，不同类型的威权体制之间也呈现出富有研究价值的分化。一项简短的两阶段分析显示，武装冲突与非暴力运动爆发相关研究中常用的部分影响因素，对政府合法性冲突的产生，以及此类冲突是否会升级为大规模动员，有着截然不同的作用效果。