DEVELOPMENT OF THE BANKING SYSTEM IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

The banking sector is one of the important driving factors in the socio-economic development of the Republic of Uzbekistan. After independence, a modern banking system has developed, and over the past decade, our country has implemented large-scale economic reforms aimed at modernizing the financial infrastructure, liberalizing the market, and strengthening international financial cooperation. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the development of the banking system in the Republic of Uzbekistan from independence to the present day. It examines the institutional formation of the banking sector, key stages of reform, and the transformation of financial intermediation mechanisms. Special attention is paid to the transition to a market economy, the introduction of a two-tier banking system, liberalization processes, and recent structural reforms aimed at increasing efficiency, transparency, and competitiveness. The study also identifies current challenges and outlines prospects for further development of the banking sector in the context of globalization and digital transformation.银行业是乌兹别克斯坦共和国社会经济发展的重要驱动因素之一。独立后，该国已构建起现代化银行体系；近十年来，乌兹别克斯坦推行了大规模经济改革，旨在实现金融基础设施现代化、放开市场管制并加强国际金融合作。本文对乌兹别克斯坦共和国自独立以来至今的银行体系发展历程展开全面分析，梳理了该国银行业的制度构建、改革关键阶段以及金融中介机制的转型历程。研究特别关注了向市场经济转型、双层银行体系的建立、市场化改革进程，以及近期旨在提升效率、透明度与竞争力的结构性改革。本研究同时明确了当前面临的挑战，并展望了全球化与数字化转型背景下该国银行业的未来发展前景。