Performance of soybean grown in succession to black oat and wheat

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of isolated or combined roots and straw of black oat and wheat, as previous crops in autumn/winter, on the performance of soybean in succession. The experiment was carried out in the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 crop seasons in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates. The following seven treatments were applied in the autumn/winter of 2017 and 2018, before soybean planting: fallow; straw of black oat or wheat, distributed on plots kept under fallow during autumn/winter, without roots; plots only with roots of black oat or wheat, without straw; and plots with straw and roots of black oat or wheat. Soybean crop performance was estimated using the following variables: plant density, leaf area index, soil plant analysis development (SPAD) index, shoot dry matter, grain yield, and yield components. In comparison with fallow, the cultivation of black oat or wheat, as previous crops during the autumn/winter, increases soybean grain yield. The impact of the roots of black oat or wheat on soybean yield is similar to that of straw. Soybean agronomic performance is improved in the combined presence of roots and straw of black oat or wheat.

摘要：本研究旨在评估秋/冬季作为前茬作物的黑燕麦与小麦的单独或组合根系、秸秆对后续大豆生长性能的影响。本实验于2017/2018及2018/2019种植季开展，采用完全随机区组设计，设置4次重复。2017年与2018年秋/冬季、大豆播种前共设置7种处理：休耕处理；将黑燕麦或小麦秸秆覆盖于秋/冬季休耕地块（无根系留存）；仅保留黑燕麦或小麦根系、无秸秆的地块；以及同时保留黑燕麦或小麦根系与秸秆的地块。本研究采用以下指标评估大豆生长性能：植株密度、叶面积指数、土壤植物分析发展（Soil Plant Analysis Development, SPAD）指数、地上部干物质积累量、籽粒产量及其构成因素。相较于休耕处理，秋/冬季种植黑燕麦或小麦作为前茬作物可提升大豆籽粒产量。黑燕麦或小麦根系对大豆产量的影响效果与秸秆相当。同时保留黑燕麦或小麦的根系与秸秆时，大豆农艺性能可得到进一步改善。