Ascorbic acid and phenolic contents, antioxidant capacity and flavonoids composition of Brazilian Savannah native fruits

Abstract Brazilian Savannah native fruits have been investigated as potential sources of antioxidant substances. Cagaita, cerrado cashew and gabiroba were characterized with regard to the ascorbic acid and phenolic contents, antioxidant capacity and flavonoids composition. Gabiroba presented higher contents of ascorbic acid (61.5 mg.100 g–1), total phenolic compounds (1,222.59 mg GAE.100 g–1), and antioxidant capacity (DPPH, FRAP and ORAC assays) than cagaita and cerrado cashew. The correlation coefficients between total ascorbic acid or total phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity were strong and significant (0.970 ≤ r ≤ 0.998). Quercetin derivatives were found in cagaita (1.94 mg.100 g–1) and myricetin derivatives in cerrado cashew (1.2 mg.100 g–1). Peonidin 3-glucoside was the main anthocyanin in cerrado cashew, and its flavonoids composition was first identified in this study. Gabiroba showed relevant catechin content (23.32 mg.100 g–1). These Brazilian native fruits may be considered as important sources of bioactive compounds, notably gabiroba, since it presents high phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity.

摘要 本研究针对巴西稀树草原（Brazilian Savannah）原生果品作为抗氧化物质潜在来源的潜力展开了探究。研究对卡盖塔果（Cagaita）、塞拉多腰果（cerrado cashew）以及加比罗巴果（gabiroba）的抗坏血酸与酚类物质含量、抗氧化能力及类黄酮组成进行了系统表征。结果表明，加比罗巴果的抗坏血酸含量（61.5 mg·100 g⁻¹）、总酚类化合物含量（1222.59 mg 没食子酸当量（GAE）·100 g⁻¹）以及采用DPPH、FRAP与ORAC法检测得到的抗氧化能力均显著高于卡盖塔果与塞拉多腰果。总抗坏血酸或总酚类物质含量与抗氧化能力之间的相关系数极强且具有统计学显著性（0.970 ≤ r ≤ 0.998）。卡盖塔果中检出槲皮素衍生物（Quercetin derivatives，1.94 mg·100 g⁻¹），塞拉多腰果中检出杨梅素衍生物（myricetin derivatives，1.2 mg·100 g⁻¹）。芍药素-3-葡萄糖苷（Peonidin 3-glucoside）为塞拉多腰果中的主要花青素（anthocyanin）成分，其类黄酮组成系本研究首次鉴定得到。加比罗巴果的儿茶素（catechin）含量可观（23.32 mg·100 g⁻¹）。上述巴西原生果品均可作为生物活性化合物（bioactive compounds）的重要来源，其中尤以加比罗巴果表现突出，因其具备较高的酚类物质含量与抗氧化能力。