Millennium Cohort Study: Age 5, Sweep 3, 2006

<p><i>Background</i>:<br>The Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) is a large-scale, multi-purpose longitudinal dataset providing information about babies born at the beginning of the 21st century, their progress through life, and the families who are bringing them up, for the four countries of the United Kingdom. The original objectives of the first MCS survey, as laid down in the proposal to the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) in March 2000, were:</p><ul><li>to chart the initial conditions of social, economic and health advantages and disadvantages facing children born at the start of the 21st century, capturing information that the research community of the future will require</li><li>to provide a basis for comparing patterns of development with the preceding cohorts (the <i>National Child Development Study</i>, held at the UK Data Archive under GN 33004, and the <i>1970 Birth Cohort Study</i>, held under GN 33229)</li><li>to collect information on previously neglected topics, such as fathers' involvement in children's care and development</li><li>to focus on parents as the most immediate elements of the children's 'background', charting their experience as mothers and fathers of newborn babies in the year 2000, recording how they (and any other children in the family) adapted to the newcomer, and what their aspirations for her/his future may be</li><li>to emphasise intergenerational links including those back to the parents' own childhood</li><li>to investigate the wider social ecology of the family, including social networks, civic engagement and community facilities and services, splicing in geo-coded data when available</li></ul><p>Additional objectives subsequently included for MCS were:</p><ul><li>to provide control cases for the national evaluation of Sure Start (a government programme intended to alleviate child poverty and social exclusion)</li><li>to provide samples of adequate size to analyse and compare the smaller countries of the United Kingdom, and include disadvantaged areas of England</li></ul><p>Further information about the MCS can be found on the <a href="https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/cls-studies/millennium-cohort-study/" target="_blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Centre for Longitudinal Studies</a> web pages.</p><p>The content of MCS studies, including questions, topics and variables can be explored via the <a href="https://discovery.closer.ac.uk/item/uk.cls.mcs/0d8a7220-c61b-4542-967d-a40cb5aca430">CLOSER Discovery</a> website. <br></p><p>The first sweep (MCS1) interviewed both mothers and (where resident) fathers (or father-figures) of infants included in the sample when the babies were nine months old, and the second sweep (MCS2) was carried out with the same respondents when the children were three years of age. The third sweep (MCS3) was conducted in 2006, when the children were aged five years old, the fourth sweep (MCS4) in 2008, when they were seven years old, the fifth sweep (MCS5) in 2012-2013, when they were eleven years old, the sixth sweep (MCS6) in 2015, when they were fourteen years old, and the seventh sweep (MCS7) in 2018, when they were seventeen years old, and the eighth sweep (MCS8) in 2023-2025, when they were 23 years old. .<br><br><i>Safeguarded versions of MCS studies</i>:<br>The Safeguarded versions of MCS1, MCS2, MCS3, MCS4, MCS5, MCS6, MCS7 and MCS8 are held under UK Data Archive SNs 4683, 5350, 5795, 6411, 7464, 815, 8682 and 9509 respectively. The Longitudinal Files are held under SN 8172.<br><br><span style="font-style: italic;">Polygenic Indices</span><br>Polygenic indices are available under Special Licence SN 9437. Derived summary scores have been created that combine the estimated effects of many different genes on a specific trait or characteristic, such as a person's risk of Alzheimer's disease, asthma, substance abuse, or mental health disorders, for example. These polygenic scores can be combined with existing survey data to offer a more nuanced understanding of how cohort members' outcomes may be shaped. <br><br><span style="font-style: italic;">Sub-sample studies</span>:<br>Some studies based on sub-samples of MCS have also been conducted, including a study of MCS respondent mothers who had received assisted fertility treatment, conducted in 2003 (see EUL SN 5559). Also, birth registration and maternity hospital episodes for the MCS respondents are held as a separate dataset (see EUL SN 5614).<br><br><span style="font-style: italic;">Release of Sweeps 1 to 4 to Long Format (Summer 2020)<br></span>To support longitudinal research and make it easier to compare data from different time points, all data from across all sweeps is now in a consistent format. The update affects the data from sweeps 1 to 4 (from 9 months to 7 years), which are updated from the old/wide to a new/long format to match the format of data of sweeps 5 and 6 (age 11 and 14 sweeps). The old/wide formatted datasets contained one row per family with multiple variables for different respondents. The new/long formatted datasets contain one row per respondent (per parent or per cohort member) for each MCS family. Additional updates have been made to all sweeps to harmonise variable labels and enhance anonymisation. <span style="font-style: italic;"> <br></span><i><br>How to access genetic and/or bio-medical sample data from a range of longitudinal surveys:<br></i>For information on how to access biomedical data from MCS that are not held at the UKDS, see the <a href="https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/data-access-training/genetic-data-and-biological-samples/" target="_blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">CLS Genetic data and biological samples</a> webpage.<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">Secure Access datasets</span>:<br>Secure Access versions of the MCS have more restrictive access conditions than versions available under the standard Safeguarded Licence or Special Licence (see 'Access data' tab above).<br><br>Secure Access versions of the MCS include:</p><p></p><p></p><ul><li>detailed sensitive variables not available under EUL. These have been grouped thematically and are held under SN 8753 (socio-economic, accommodation and occupational data), SN 8754 (self-reported health, behaviour and fertility), SN 8755 (demographics, language and religion) and SN 8756 (exact participation dates). These files replace previously available studies held under SNs 8456 and 8622-8627</li><li>detailed sensitive data from the MCS8 survey, and responses from triplets held under SN 9510</li><li>detailed geographical identifier files which are grouped by sweep held under SN 7758 (MCS1), SN 7759 (MCS2), SN 7760 (MCS3), SN 7761 (MCS4), SN 7762 (MCS5 2001 Census Boundaries), SN 7763 (MCS5 2011 Census Boundaries), SN 8231 (MCS6 2001 Census Boundaries), SN 8232 (MCS6 2011 Census Boundaries), SN 8757 (MCS7), SN 8758 (MCS7 2001 Census Boundaries) and SN 8759 (MCS7 2011 Census Boundaries). These files replace previously available files grouped by geography SN 7049 (Ward level), SN 7050 (Lower Super Output Area level), and SN 7051 (Output Area level)</li><li>linked education administrative datasets for Key Stages 1, 2, 4 and 5 held under SN 8481 (England).  This replaces previously available datasets for Key Stage 1 (SN 6862) and Key Stage 2 (SN 7712)<br></li><li>linked education administrative datasets for Key Stage 1 held under SN 7414 (Scotland)</li><li>linked education administrative dataset for Key Stages 1, 2, 3 and 4 under SN 9085 (Wales)<br></li><li>linked NHS Patient Episode Database for Wales (PEDW) for MCS1 – MCS5 held under SN 8302</li><li>linked Scottish Medical Records data held under SNs 8709, 8710, 8711, 8712, 8713 and 8714;</li><li>Banded Distances to English Grammar Schools for MCS5 held under SN 8394</li><li>linked Health Administrative Datasets (Hospital Episode Statistics) for England for years 2000-2019 held under SN 9030</li><li>linked Hospital of Birth data held under SN 5724.</li></ul><p>The linked education administrative datasets held under SNs 8481,7414 and 9085 may be ordered alongside the MCS detailed geographical identifier files only if sufficient justification is provided in the application. <br><br>Researchers applying for access to the Secure Access MCS datasets should indicate on their ESRC Accredited Researcher application form the EUL dataset(s) that they also wish to access (selected from the MCS Series <a href="https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/series/series?id=2000031#!/access-data" target="_blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Access</a> web page).</p><p></p>

<p>While many of the areas covered in MCS3 built on the information already collected in MCS1 (age 9 months) and MCS2 (age 3 years), a number of new items were also included, such as the measurement of waist circumference. Information was gathered from the cohort members' parents or guardians for the main Parent Interview. In addition there were four cognitive assessments and three physical measurements of the cohort child, and a paper self-completion questionnaire for up to two older siblings aged 10-15 years. The Teacher Survey and Foundation Stage Profile data and documentation are available in a separate study: SN 6847 - Millennium Cohort Study: Third Survey Teacher Survey and Foundation Stage Profile, 2006.<br>
</p>
<p class="x_x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-style: italic;">May 2017: </span>The longitudinal family file is now available separately under <a href="https://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/Catalogue/?sn=8172" title="Millennium Cohort Study: Longitudinal Family File, 2001-2015" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">SN 8172</a>.<i><span><br><br>Update 20</span></i><i><sup><span> </span></sup></i><i><span>March 2020: </span></i><span>The datasets became available in a long format (one row per respondent) compared to the wide old format (one row per family). Information on the restructure of the variables from long to wide is provided in Part 9 of the MCS 1-5 User Guide. Help with the distribution of the variables in datasets is provided in the MCS1-4_Wide_Long_Correspondence_v* and in the MCS_Longitudinal_Data_Dictionary.<br></span><br><span style="font-style: italic;">November 2023:</span> We are aware that some errors exist in the derived
variable datasets. Please do not use until next updated.<br><br>This study now includes the data and documentation from the Teacher Survey completed at Sweep 3 which were previously available under SN 6847.<br><br>For the ninth edition (January 2022), a new data file mcs3_family_interview has been added due to the family level data being split out from the parent-level data to make future merging with MCS8 onwards easier. Two data files (mcs3_parent_interview and mcs3_parent_cm_interview) have been updated to include variables that were missed from the previous edition due to a technical error.  In addition, mcs3_hhgrid has had some data edits applied.<br><br>Also the following data file specific changes have been made:<br><br><span style="font-style: italic;">mcs3_hhgrid<br></span>Total number of cases has changed due to data updates. For sample size please check the longitudinal family file.<br><br><span style="font-style: italic;">December 2024: </span><br>The family_interview data file has been removed. The family_interview datasets contained some variables that have been moved to Secure Access. The datasets will be replaced at a future redeposit.</p>

<i>研究背景</i>:<br>千年队列研究（Millennium Cohort Study，MCS）是一项大型多用途纵向数据集，针对英国四个构成国，收集了21世纪初出生婴儿的成长历程及其养育家庭的相关信息。2000年3月提交给经济与社会研究理事会（Economic and Social Research Council，ESRC）的研究计划确立了首批MCS调查的初始目标，具体如下：<ul><li>梳理21世纪初出生儿童所面临的社会、经济与健康方面的初始优劣条件，留存未来研究群体所需的相关信息</li><li>为与此前的出生队列（分别为存于英国数据档案馆（UK Data Archive）编号GN 33004的《全国儿童发展研究》，以及编号GN 33229的《1970年出生队列研究》）的发展模式进行对比提供依据</li><li>收集此前被忽视的议题相关信息，例如父亲在儿童照护与成长中的参与情况</li><li>以父母作为儿童“成长背景”中最直接的影响因素，追踪他们作为2000年新生儿父母的经历，记录他们（以及家庭中其他子女）如何适应新成员的到来，以及他们对子女未来的期许</li><li>强调代际关联，包括追溯父母自身的童年经历</li><li>探究家庭所处的广泛社会生态，包括社会网络、公民参与以及社区设施与服务，在可获取时整合地理编码数据</li></ul>后续新增的MCS研究目标包括：<ul><li>为“确保起步计划”（Sure Start，一项旨在缓解儿童贫困与社会排斥的政府项目）的全国评估提供对照样本</li><li>提供足够规模的样本，以分析并对比英国的小型构成国，并纳入英格兰的弱势区域</li></ul><p>如需获取MCS的更多信息，可访问<a href="https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/cls-studies/millennium-cohort-study/" target="_blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">纵向研究中心</a>官网。</p><p>可通过<a href="https://discovery.closer.ac.uk/item/uk.cls.mcs/0d8a7220-c61b-4542-967d-a40cb5aca430">CLOSER探索平台</a>官网查询MCS研究的内容，包括问卷题目、研究主题与变量信息。<br></p>第一波调查（MCS1）在样本婴儿9个月大时，对其母亲与（若同住的）父亲（或父亲角色替代者）进行访谈；第二波调查（MCS2）在儿童3岁时对同一批受访者开展回访。第三波调查（MCS3）于2006年开展，彼时儿童年满5岁；第四波（MCS4）于2008年开展，儿童7岁；第五波（MCS5）于2012-2013年开展，儿童11岁；第六波（MCS6）于2015年开展，儿童14岁；第七波（MCS7）于2018年开展，儿童17岁。<br><br><i>MCS研究的终端用户许可版本</i>:<br>MCS1至MCS7的终端用户许可（End User Licence，EUL）版本分别存于英国数据档案馆编号SN 4683、5350、5795、6411、7464、8156与8682的数据集内。纵向家庭文件则存于编号SN 8172的数据集。<br><br><i>子样本研究</i>:<br>此外还开展了多项基于MCS子样本的研究，例如2003年开展的针对接受过辅助生殖治疗的MCS受访母亲的研究（详见EUL版本数据集SN 5559）。此外，MCS受访者的出生登记与产科住院事件数据单独存为一个数据集（详见EUL版本数据集SN 5614）。<br><br><div style=""><div style=""><span style="font-style: italic;">第1至4波调查数据转为长格式发布（2020年夏季）</span></div><div style="">为支撑纵向研究并简化不同时间点的数据对比，所有波次的调查数据现已统一格式。本次更新涉及第1至4波调查（对应儿童9个月至7岁阶段），将其从原有的宽格式转换为新的长格式，以匹配第5、6波调查（对应儿童11岁与14岁阶段）的数据格式。原宽格式数据集以家庭为单位，每行包含针对不同受访者的多个变量；新长格式数据集则以每个MCS家庭的每位受访者（每位父母或队列成员）为单位，每行对应一位受访者。此外，所有波次的数据均进行了更新，以统一变量标签并强化匿名化处理。&nbsp;<span style="font-style: italic;">&nbsp;</span></div></div><br><br><i>如何获取多项纵向研究的遗传与/或生物样本数据</i>:<br>如需获取未存于英国数据服务中心（UKDS）的MCS生物医学数据，可访问<a href="https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/data-access-training/genetic-data-and-biological-samples/" target="_blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">纵向研究中心遗传数据与生物样本</a>官网页面。<br><br><b>安全访问数据集</b>:<br>MCS的安全访问版本相较于标准终端用户许可或特殊许可版本，具有更严格的访问条件（详见上方“获取数据”标签页）。<br><br>MCS的安全访问版本包含以下内容：<br><ul><li>标准EUL版本无法获取的详细敏感变量。此类变量已按主题分组，分别存于SN 8753（社会经济、住宿与职业数据）、SN 8754（自我报告的健康、行为与生育信息）、SN 8755（人口统计学特征、语言与宗教信息）与SN 8756（准确参与日期）数据集中。上述数据集替代了此前存于SN 8456与SN 8622-8627的相关研究数据<br></li><li>按调查波次分组的详细地理标识符文件，分别存于SN 7758（MCS1）、SN 7759（MCS2）、SN 7760（MCS3）、SN 7761（MCS4）、SN 7762（MCS5 2001年人口普查边界）、SN 7763（MCS5 2011年人口普查边界）、SN 8231（MCS6 2001年人口普查边界）、SN 8232（MCS6 2011年人口普查边界）、SN 8757（MCS7）、SN 8758（MCS7 2001年人口普查边界）与SN 8759（MCS7 2011年人口普查边界）。上述数据集替代了此前按地理区域分组的SN 7049（选区层级）、SN 7050（下级超级输出区层级）与SN 7051（输出区层级）文件</li><li>存于SN 8481（英格兰地区）的针对关键阶段1、2、4与5的关联教育行政数据集。该数据集替代了此前的关键阶段1（SN 6862）与关键阶段2（SN 7712）数据集<br></li><li>存于SN 7414（苏格兰地区）的针对关键阶段1的关联教育行政数据集</li><li>存于SN 9085（威尔士地区）的针对关键阶段1、2、3与4的关联教育行政数据集<br></li><li>存于SN 8302的针对MCS1至MCS5的威尔士NHS患者事件数据库（NHS Patient Episode Database for Wales，PEDW）关联数据</li><li>存于SN 8709、8710、8711、8712、8713与8714的苏格兰医疗记录关联数据；</li><li>存于SN 8394的针对MCS5的英格兰文法学校距离分级数据</li><li>存于SN 9030的英格兰地区2000-2019年的关联健康行政数据集（医院事件统计，Hospital Episode Statistics）</li><li>存于SN 5724的出生医院关联数据。</li></ul>仅当申请中提供充分理由时，方可同时申请获取存于SN 8481、7414与9085的关联教育行政数据集与MCS详细地理标识符文件。<br><br>申请获取MCS安全访问数据集的研究者，需在其经济与社会研究理事会认证研究者申请表中注明希望同时获取的EUL版本数据集（可从<a href="https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/series/series?id=2000031#!/access-data" target="_blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">MCS系列数据获取</a>网页中选择）。<br><br><p>尽管MCS3的多数调查内容基于MCS1（儿童9个月时）与MCS2（儿童3岁时）已收集的信息，但也新增了多项内容，例如腰围测量。主要家长访谈的信息来自队列成员的父母或监护人。此外，还对队列儿童开展了四项认知评估与三项身体指标测量，并为最多两名10-15岁的年长兄弟姐妹提供了纸质自填问卷。教师调查与基础阶段档案的数据及文档可通过单独的研究项目获取：SN 6847——《千年队列研究：2006年第三波调查教师问卷与基础阶段档案》。<br></p><p class="x_x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-style: italic;">2017年5月: </span>纵向家庭文件现已单独以<a href="https://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/Catalogue/?sn=8172" title="Millennium Cohort Study: Longitudinal Family File, 2001-2015" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">SN 8172</a>编号发布。<i><span><br><br>2020年3月20日更新</span></i><i>^{<span>&nbsp;</span>}</i><i><span>:&nbsp;</span></i><span>数据集现已转为长格式（每行对应一位受访者），替代此前的宽格式（每行对应一个家庭）。关于变量从长格式转为宽格式的重构信息，详见《MCS1-5用户指南》第9部分。关于数据集中变量分布的帮助信息，可参考《MCS1-4_Wide_Long_Correspondence_v*》与《MCS_Longitudinal_Data_Dictionary》。<br></span><br><span style="font-style: italic;">2023年11月:</span> 我们注意到衍生变量数据集存在部分错误，请在下次更新前请勿使用。<br><br>本研究现已包含此前以SN 6847编号发布的第三波调查教师问卷数据及文档。<br><br>2022年1月发布的第九版中，新增了mcs3_family_interview数据集，因家庭层级数据已从父母层级数据中拆分，以便未来与MCS8及后续波次的数据合并。两个数据集（mcs3_parent_interview与mcs3_parent_cm_interview）已更新，补充了因技术错误在之前版本中遗漏的变量。&nbsp; 此外，mcs3_hhgrid数据集已进行了部分数据编辑。<br><br>此外，还针对以下数据集进行了专项修改：<br><br><span style="font-style: italic;">mcs3_hhgrid<br></span>由于数据更新，案例总数已发生变化。如需了解样本量，请查阅纵向家庭文件。<br><br><span style="font-style: italic;">2024年12月: </span><br>已移除family_interview数据集。该数据集包含部分已转入安全访问范围的变量，后续将在重新提交时替换该数据集。</p>