Table_2_Readiness for influenza and COVID-19 vaccination in Germany: a comparative analysis.docx

IntroductionVaccination readiness refers to psychological motives and beliefs that decisively determine individual and collective vaccination prevention behavior. Readiness to be vaccinated depends on expected individual and social benefits and harms. Differences exist in the perception of the threat of potential influenza vs. COVID-19 infection and its significance for the social environment. The study aimed to compare the 7C components of vaccination readiness for influenza and COVID-19 vaccination in adulthood.
MethodsA total of 317 adults answered the 7C vaccination readiness scale in two vaccination-specific versions (influenza vs. COVID-19) in an online survey from September 2022 to March 2023. Data were analyzed using repeated measures, including analysis of covariance, correlations, and multiple regression.
ResultsFor COVID-19, there is a higher readiness to be vaccinated compared to influenza regarding complacencyR (ηp = 0.683), constraintsR (ηp = 0.684), collective responsibility (ηp = 0.782), and compliance (ηp = 0.365). However, confidence (ηp = 0.161) and conspiracyR (ηp = 0.256) indicate an enhanced readiness for influenza vaccination (interaction scales × vaccination type: ηp = 0.602). Individual influenza vaccination recommendations and age do not or only marginally moderate these effects (interaction vaccination type × recommendation: ηp = 155).
DiscussionThe 7C subscales reveal a differentiated pattern of readiness for the two vaccination types. This emphasizes the relevance of the multidimensional structure of the construct of vaccination readiness as well as the relevance of moderating effects of the respective vaccination type on the underlying motives and beliefs. Vaccination attitudes are influenced by cultural and social conditions as well as medical standards of care. Comparing attitudes to different vaccinations in different countries thus represents an important research desideratum in order to understand the concept of vaccination readiness more comprehensively.

引言
疫苗接种意愿指决定性影响个体与集体疫苗接种预防行为的心理动机与信念。疫苗接种意愿的形成取决于个体与社会层面预期的收益与损害。针对潜在流感与新冠感染的威胁感知，以及此类威胁对社会环境的意义，均存在差异。本研究旨在对比成年人群中流感与新冠疫苗接种的7C疫苗接种意愿（7C vaccination readiness）维度。

研究方法
本研究于2022年9月至2023年3月通过线上调研招募317名成年受试者，使其填写针对两类疫苗（流感疫苗与新冠疫苗）的专属版7C疫苗接种意愿量表。数据采用重复测量方法进行分析，包括协方差分析、相关性分析与多元回归分析。

研究结果
相较于流感疫苗接种，新冠疫苗接种在自满（complacencyR，ηp=0.683）、限制因素（constraintsR，ηp=0.684）、集体责任（ηp=0.782）与依从性（ηp=0.365）四个维度上表现出更高的接种意愿。但在信心（ηp=0.161）与阴谋论（conspiracyR，ηp=0.256）维度上，流感疫苗接种的意愿更强（量表与疫苗类型的交互效应：ηp=0.602）。个体流感疫苗接种建议与年龄对上述效应无调节作用，或仅存在微弱调节（疫苗类型与建议的交互效应：ηp=0.155）。

讨论
7C分量表显示，两类疫苗接种的意愿呈现出差异化的分布模式。这一结果凸显了疫苗接种意愿构念的多维结构相关性，以及不同疫苗类型对其潜在动机与信念的调节效应的重要性。疫苗接种态度受文化与社会环境，以及医疗护理标准的影响。因此，在不同国家开展不同疫苗接种态度的对比研究，是全面理解疫苗接种意愿概念的重要研究方向。