Bumblebee raw data and corresponding R-Script

This dataset provides all data belonging to the corresponding publication in biology. <br> Article Abstract: Climate warming has been observed as the main cause of changes in diversity, community composition and spatial distribution of different species. Due to even stronger warming com-pared to the global mean, bumblebees in alpine ecosystems are particularly exposed to these changes. To investigate the effects of climate warming, we sampled bumblebees along an eleva-tional gradient, compared the records with historical data from 1935/1936, and related our re-sults to climate models. We found that bumblebee community composition differed significant-ly between the two sampling periods and that increasing temperatures in spring were the most plausible factor explaining these range shifts. In addition, species diversity estimates were sig-nificantly lower compared to historical records. The number of socio-parasitic species was sig-nificantly higher in the historical communities, while recent communities showed increases in climate generalists and forest species at lower elevations. Nevertheless, no significant changes in community-weighted means of a species temperature index (STI) or the number of cold-adapted species were detected, likely due to the resolution of the historical data. We conclude that the composition and functionality of bumblebee communities in the study area have been signifi-cantly affected by climate warming, with changes in land use likely playing an additional im-portant role.

本数据集包含对应生物学发表论文的全部相关数据。<br>论文摘要：气候变暖被证实是导致不同物种多样性、群落组成及空间分布发生改变的主要诱因。由于升温幅度高于全球平均水平，高山生态系统中的熊蜂面临的环境变化更为显著。为探究气候变暖的影响，本研究沿海拔梯度对熊蜂进行采样，将采样记录与1935/1936年的历史数据进行对比，并将研究结果与气候模型相关联。研究发现，两次采样时期的熊蜂群落组成存在显著差异，春季气温升高是解释这类分布范围变化的最合理因素。此外，当前采样得到的物种多样性指数显著低于历史记录。历史群落中的社会寄生蜂物种数量显著更高，而近期群落中，低海拔区域的气候广适性物种与森林物种数量有所增加。尽管如此，物种温度指数（Species Temperature Index, STI）的群落加权均值以及耐寒物种的数量均未出现显著变化，这可能与历史数据的分辨率有限有关。本研究得出结论：研究区域内熊蜂群落的组成与功能已受到气候变暖的显著影响，土地利用方式的变化可能也起到了额外的重要作用。