Data Sheet 3_Association between neighborhood environment and self-reported and objectively measured physical activity in Hispanic families.docx

ObjectiveGiven the limited information about how neighborhood environment relates to physical activity (PA) in Hispanic families, this work examined cross-sectional associations between perceived neighborhood environment and PA of Hispanic parents and children.
MethodsParticipants were 137 Hispanic parent-child dyads (children aged 6–11 years) in South Phoenix, AZ, USA. Parents completed a survey about their own and their child's PA, and perceptions of neighborhood environment (i.e., scores of walking/cycling, neighborhood aesthetics, traffic safety, and crime rate) using NEWS survey. Participants also wore an accelerometer for 7 days.
ResultsChildren engaged in 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) on 2.3, and parents in 30 min of MVPA on 2.1 days per weeks. Additionally, children engaged in 104.4 min, and parents in 65.3 min of accelerometer-assessed MVPA per day. Participants rated their neighborhood (range 0–4) as favorable regarding walking/cycling (mean score 3.1), aesthetics (2.4), traffic safety (2.5), and crime rate (3.1). In Spearman correlation analyses, better neighborhood aesthetics was associated with higher accelerometer-assessed MVPA in children (r = 0.25, p = 0.04). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed an association between traffic safety and parent-reported MVPA in children (standardized beta coefficient 0.19, p = 0.03). No further associations between scores of neighborhood environment and physical activity in either children or parents were observed.
ConclusionOur findings may underscore the importance of neighborhood aesthetics and traffic safety for PA engagement in children. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our observations, and to untangle potential mechanisms linking neighborhood environment and PA in understudied populations such as Hispanics.

研究目的：鉴于目前关于西班牙裔家庭中邻里环境与身体活动（Physical Activity, PA）关联的相关信息较为有限，本研究考察了感知邻里环境与西班牙裔父母及子女身体活动之间的横断面关联。
研究方法：研究对象为美国亚利桑那州菲尼克斯南部的137组西班牙裔亲子对（儿童年龄为6~11岁）。父母完成了两项调研：一项为关于自身及子女的身体活动情况的问卷，另一项则借助邻里环境步行性调查（Neighborhood Environment Walkability Survey, NEWS）评估自身对邻里环境的感知评分，具体涵盖步行/骑行便利性、邻里景观美学、交通安全与犯罪率四个维度。此外，所有参与者还佩戴加速度计长达7天以采集活动数据。
研究结果：儿童每周有2.3天达到每日60分钟的中等至高强度身体活动（Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity, MVPA），父母则为2.1天达到每日30分钟的MVPA。通过加速度计评估的日均身体活动量显示，儿童日均MVPA时长为104.4分钟，父母则为65.3分钟。参与者对自身所处邻里环境的评分区间为0~4分，其中步行/骑行便利性平均得分为3.1分，景观美学得分为2.4分，交通安全得分为2.5分，犯罪率感知得分为3.1分。斯皮尔曼相关性分析结果表明，更高的邻里景观美学评分与儿童加速度计评估的MVPA时长呈显著相关（r=0.25, p=0.04）。多元线性回归分析显示，交通安全评分与父母报告的儿童MVPA时长存在显著关联（标准化β系数为0.19, p=0.03）。其余邻里环境维度评分与儿童或父母的身体活动水平均未观察到显著关联。
研究结论：本研究结果或可凸显邻里景观美学与交通安全对于儿童参与身体活动的重要性。未来仍需开展纵向研究以验证本次观测结果，并厘清西班牙裔这类研究不足人群中，邻里环境与身体活动之间关联的潜在作用机制。